Apakah Nahwu itu Shina’ah atau Ma’rifah?: Studi Epistemologi

Abstract

The purpose of this research is to investigate the theoretical history and answer questions about nahwu between shina'ah and ma'rifah. In analysis, this paper utilizes a literature review method involving a qualitative approach. Literature synthesis is then used to present a deep understanding of the researched topic. The results show that nahwu, within the context of ma'rifah, is solely the Arabic language used for the Quran. Over time, it evolved into shina'ah. Similar in Bahm’s opinion, this process cannot be separated from six important components of science, namely: (1) issues, stemming from the presence of lahn, both among native and non-Arab speakers. (2) Attitude, established through the recommendation of Ali bin Abi Thalib to Abu al-Aswad ad-Duwaly for formulating nahwu. (3) Method used in constructing nahwu as shina'ah, which involves adding diacritical harakat and marks to the Quran. (4) Activities, developed through language codification in various phases, resulting in tashnif wa tajrid, schools of nahwu, and others. (5) Conclusion, after a long process, it can be concluded that nahwu has become a complex discipline but rich in benefits. (6) Effects, some of the positive influences resulting from the establishment of nahwu as shina'ah include better understanding of the Arabic language, effective communication, teaching and learning, research and scientific development, and preservation of Arab cultural heritage.