Thermo-Viscous Properties of Phenolic Resin With Different Formaldehyde To Phenol Molar Ratio

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.24252/al-kimia.v12i2.50494

Keywords:

Phenolic resin, phenol, formaldehyde, viscosity, arrhenius equation

Abstract

Phenolic resin is widely used as a matrix in the composite material. Understanding the thermo-viscous properties of the resin is essential because the viscosity is one of the main factors determining the success of the composite material fabrication. In this study, we synthesized the resin with formaldehyde to phenol molar ratio (F/P) of 1.1, 1.2, 1.3, and 1.4 and analyzed their viscosity as a function of temperature from 17℃ to 25℃. It was observed that the plot of the natural logarithm of the viscosity versus the reciprocal of the temperature of the synthesized phenolic resin is linear. Based on the slope of the Arrhenius plot, the Arrhenius energy of activation varies as a function of the F/P value. The resin’s Arrhenius energy of activation with an F/P value of 1.1, 1.2, 1.3, and 1.4 was 88.8 kJ⁄mol, 96.5 kJ⁄mol, 86.1 kJ⁄mol, and 81.4 kJ⁄mol, respectively. Furthermore, the differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) analysis was conducted on all resins. The endothermic reaction due to water evaporation was found to be dominated at a temperature of around 100℃, and the curing reaction peak of all resins took place at 150℃.

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References

Albert, M., Coto García, B., Kuhnert, C., Peschla, R., & Maurer, G. (2000). Vapor–liquid equilibrium of aqueous solutions of formaldehyde and methanol. AIChE Journal, 46(8), 1676–1687.

Alzamil, N. O. (2021). Estimation of the boiling point and prediction of the VLE in methyl benzoate + N-octane binary liquid systems via viscosity-temperature dependence at atmospheric pressure. Materials Research Express, 8(7), 076301.

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Published

2024-12-24 — Updated on 2025-06-25

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How to Cite

Thermo-Viscous Properties of Phenolic Resin With Different Formaldehyde To Phenol Molar Ratio. (2025). Al-Kimia, 12(2). https://doi.org/10.24252/al-kimia.v12i2.50494 (Original work published December 24, 2024)

Issue

Vol. 12 No. 2 (2024): DECEMBER

Section

Article

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