Restructuring Measured Fishing Policy: Integrative Supervision of Fishery Business Actors in Realizing a Sustainable Blue Economy
Abstract
Indonesia as a maritime country faces serious challenges in the problem of overexploitation and declining fish stocks in the management of marine resources in 11 Fisheries Management Areas (WPP). The quota-based Measured Fishing (PIT) policy has not been effective due to conflicts with local fishermen and weak supervision by the Ministry of Marine Affairs and Fisheries (KKP), as evidenced by violations of fishing zones by large and foreign vessels. This normative legal research uses a statutory, conceptual, and comparative approach. The results of the study show challenges in supervision and law enforcement. Several countries have used sophisticated technology and quota systems to manage fishing zones, but Indonesia faces obstacles in supervision. Researchers recommend the implementation of a satellite monitoring system, additional criminal sanctions, strengthening inter-agency coordination, and a customary-based sea closure system to restore fish stocks.
References
Agustina, E. “Analisis Ekonomi Maritim Norwegia Melalui Industri Perikanan Dan Akuakultur (Pendekatan Ekonomi Biru) Pada Tahun 2011-2016,” 2018.
Akbar, Irfan. “Literature Review Pemanfaatan Sumber Daya Kelautan Untuk Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs).” Jurnal Sains Edukatika Indonesia (JSEI) 4, no. 1 (2022): 17–22.
Amalia, Tarisha, and Indri Arrafi Juliannisa. “Analisis Kondisi Pembangunan Manusia Di Pulau Sulawesi, Maluku Dan Papua.” Jurnal Edukasi (Ekonomi, Pendidikan dan Akuntansi) 12, no. 1 (June 30, 2024): 75.
Anugrah, Ade Nur, and Arindra Alfarizi. “Literature Review Potensi Dan Pengelolaan Sumber Daya Perikanan Laut Di Indonesia.” Jurnal Sains Edukatika Indonesia (JSEI) 3, no. 2 (2021): 31–36.
Armia, Muhammad Siddiq. Penentuan Metode Dan Pendekatan Penelitian Hukum. Sustainability (Switzerland). Vol. 11, 2019. http://scioteca.caf.com/bitstream/handle/123456789/1091/RED2017-Eng-8ene.pdf?sequence=12&isAllowed=y%0Ahttp://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.regsciurbeco.2008.06.005%0Ahttps://www.researchgate.net/publication/305320484_SISTEM_PEMBETUNGAN_TERPUSAT_STRATEGI_MELESTARI.
Azis, Alfatah Yusron. “Perkembangan Teknologi Alat Tangkap Ikan Nelayan Di Desa Kedungrejo Kecamatan Muncar Kabupaten Banyuwangi Tahun 2001 – 2013.” AVATARA, e-Journal Pendidikan Sejarah 11, no. 1 (2021): 1–12.
Benuf, Kornelius, Siti Mahmudah, and Ery Agus Priyono. “Metodologi Penelitian Hukum Sebagai Instrumen Mengurai Permasalahan Kontemporer.” Refleksi Hukum: Jurnal Ilmu Hukum 3, no. 2 (August 7, 2019): 145–160.
Bodwitch, Hekia, Andrew M. Song, Owen Temby, John Reid, Megan Bailey, and Gordon M. Hickey. “Why New Zealand’s Indigenous Reconciliation Process Has Failed to Empower Māori Fishers: Distributional, Procedural, and Recognition-Based Injustices.” World Development 157 (September 1, 2022): 1–13.
Canada, Fisheries and Oceans. “The National Vessel Monitoring System.” https://publications.gc.ca/collections/collection_2016/mpo-dfo/Fs114-21-2015-eng.pdf.
Dianti, Yira. “Problem Hukum Dan Pendekatan Dalam Penelitian Hukum Normatif.” Angewandte Chemie International Edition, 6(11), 951–952. (2020): 5–24. http://repo.iain-tulungagung.ac.id/5510/5/BAB 2.pdf.
Fache, Elodie, and Simonne Pauwels. “The Ridge-To-Reef Approach on Cicia Island, Fiji.” Ambio 51, no. 12 (December 1, 2022): 2376–2388.
Febriana, and A Burhanuddin. “Implementasi Kebijakan Sekuritisasi Maritim Presiden Jokowi Dalam Menghadapi Aktivitas Ilegal Di Perairan Indonesia.” Jurnal Kemaritiman: Indonesian Journal of Maritime 4, no. 1 (July 10, 2023): 56–65.
Frans Edberg Simanjuntak, Boris, Soraya Gigentika, and Agnes Puspitasari Sudarmo. “Tingkat Kesesuaian Daerah Penangkapan Ikan Purse Seine Di PPN Sibolga Terhadap Regulasi Pengelolaan Perikanan.” ALBACORE 8, no. 2 (2024): 185–197.
Gokkon, Basten. “Indonesia Unveils Plan to Launch a Satellite Network for Maritime Monitoring” (n.d.). https://news.mongabay.com/2024/03/indonesia-maritime-fisheries-satellite-monitoring-patrol-iuu-remote-sensing/.
Initiative, Indonesia Ocean Justice. “Deteksi Dan Analisis Dugaan Praktik Penangkapan Ikan Secara Ilegal Di Wilayah Perairan Dan Yurisdiksi Indonesia.” https://oceanjusticeinitiative.org/2024/06/11/deteksi-dan-analisis-dugaan-praktik-penangkapan-ikan-secara-ilegal-di-wilayah-perairan-dan-yurisdiksi-indonesia/.
Jayakusuma, Z. “Analisis Konsep Blue Economy Pada Sektor Kelautan Di Indonesia Berdasarkan Undang-Undang Nomor 32 Tahun 2014 Tentang Kelautan.” JOM Fakultas Hukum 5, no. 2 (2018): 1–15.
Kementerian Kelautan dan Perikanan Republik Indonesia. “PERMEN KP No. 38 Tahun 2021.” Peraturan Menteri Kelautan Perikanan 1, no. 16 (2021): 5–13.
Kepmen KP No. 50. “Keputusan Menteri Kelautan Dan Perikanan Republik Indonesia Nomor 50/Kepmen-Kp/2017 Estimasi Potensi, Jumlah Tangkapan Yang Diperbolehkan, Dan Tingkat Pemanfaatan Sumber Daya Ikan Di Wilayah Pengelolaan Perikanan Negara Republik Indonesia.” Keputusan Menteri Kelautan dan Perikanan Republik Indonesia Nomor 50/Kepmen-Kp/2017 (2017): 6.
Kristiana, Hendi, Jamaludin Malik, and Nur Anwar. “Pendugaan Status Sumberdaya Perikanan Skala Kecil Di Kota Semarang.” Journal of Tropical Fisheries Management) 5, no. 1 (2021): 51–58. http://journal.ipb.ac.id/jurnalppt.
Marpaung, Bella S.M., Effendi P Sitanggang, Kawilarang W.A. Masengi, Frangky E. Kaparang, Revols D.Ch. Pamikiran, Dyan F.D. Sitanggang, and Flora F. Kalalo. “Pelanggaran Kapal Perikanan Di Wilayah Pengelolaan Perikanan Negara Republik Indonesia 571.” Jurnal Ilmu dan Teknologi Perrikanan Tangkap 7, no. 2 (August 1, 2022): 141–150.
MFMR. “Fisheries Management Act 2015- Solomon” 2015, no. 2 (2015).
Nugroho, Sigit Sapto, Anik Tri Haryani, and Farkhani. Metodologi Riset Hukum. Ase Pustaka. Vol. 2, 2020. https://unmermadiun.ac.id/repository_jurnal_penelitian/Sigit Sapto Nugroho/URL Buku Ajar/Buku Metodologi Riset Hukum.pdf.
Nugroho, Untung Adi, and Febry Budianto. Perspektif Eksploitasi Dan Konservasi Dalam Pengelolaan Sumber Daya Perikanan Indonesia, 2021.
Pratiwi, Yulita Dwi, Dimas Eri Saputra, Daniel Kevin Octovianus Tallo, and Erza Tania Dewanti. “Politik Hukum Penetapan Wilayah Pengelolaan Perikanan Dan Penangkapan Ikan Terukur Dalam Pembangunan Sumber Daya Perikanan Berkelanjutan.” Bina Hukum Lingkungan 6, no. 3 (June 30, 2022): 362–385.
Reily, Michael. “KKP: 1.636 Kapal Langgar Wilayah Tangkap Ikan.” https://katadata.co.id/berita/maritim/5e9a55d5ed689/kkp-1636-kapal-langgar-wilayah-tangkap-ikan.
Riry, Welly Angela. “Kedudukan Pengadilan Perikanan Dalam Mekanisme Penegakan Hukum Perikanan Indonesia.” Syntax Literate: jurnal Ilmiah Indonesia 8, no. 5 (2023): 3598–3609.
Sahputra, Yogi Eka. “KKP Amankan 7 Kapal Melanggar WPPNRI, Bagaimana Aturan Penangkapan Ikan Terukur?” https://www.mongabay.co.id/2023/10/20/kkp-amankan-7-kapal-melanggar-wppnri-bagaimana-aturan-penangkapan-ikan-terukur/.
Sajjadia Luthfia, Sahira. “Mengupas Tata Kelola Perikanan Nasional Melalui PP No. 11 Tahun 2023 Tentang Penangkapan Ikan Terukur Demi Mewujudkan Blue Economy.” Jurnal Rechtsvinding 12, no. 3 (2023): 483–501. https://koral.info/id.
Sari, Haryanti Puspa. “KKP: Kerugian Akibat ‘Illegal Fishing’ Capai 23 Miliar Dollar AS.” https://money.kompas.com/read/2023/05/16/161137126/kkp-kerugian-akibat-illegal-fishing-capai-23-miliar-dollar-as.
Soemarmi, Amiek, Erlyn Indarti, Muhamad Azhar, Dian Wijayanto, Fakultas Hukum, Universitas Diponegoro, Jl Soedarto, Fakultas Perikanan, and Ilmu Kelautan. “Teknologi Vessel Monitoring System (VMS) Sebagai Strategi Perlindungan Dan Pembangunan Industri Perikanan Di Indonesia.” Masalah-Masalah Hukum 49, no. 3 (2020): 303–313.
Sutia, Cut Mira. “PERLINDUNGAN PETANI TERHADAP PRAKTIK MONOPSONI DALAM PERDAGANGAN PADI DI DESA TANJUNG REJO DUSUN IV KECAMATAN PERCUT SEI TUAN.” Universitas Muhammadiyah Sumatera Utara, 2017. http://repository.umsu.ac.id/bitstream/handle/123456789/12371/SKRIPSI CUT MIRA SUCIA.pdf?sequence=1.
Tahar, A, and W Krulinasari. “Pembagian Kerwenangan Dalam Penegakan Hukum Terhadap Pelanggaran Peraturan Perundang-Undangan Di Perairan Indonesia.” Fiat Justitia Jurnal Ilmu Hukum 6, no. 1 (2015): 1–13.
Tiwow, C. “Tinjauan Hukum Dalam Pelaksanaan Pengawasan Sumber Daya Perikanan.” Keadilan Progresif 3, no. 1 (2012): 103–118.
Vishnu Juwono dkk. Penguatan Blue Economy Dan Penerapan Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) Di Kawasan Ekonomi Khusus (KEK), 2023. https://scholar.ui.ac.id/en/publications/penguatan-blue-economy-dan-penerapan-sustainable-development-goal.
Waileruny, Welem, Rivan Saidi, and D P Matrutty Delly. “Potensi Lestari Dan Status Pemanfaatan Ikan Tongkol (Auxis Thazard) Di Perairan Maluku Tengah.” Marine Fisheries: Journal of Marine Fisheries Technology and Management 15, no. 1 (2024): 15–24.
Copyright (c) 2025 Tegar Raffi Putra Jumantoro, Nadhila Citra Supriantoro, Syedna Ahmad Albanna, Alfin Dwi Novemyanto
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.
