Every submitted manuscript is scanned using Turnitin plagiarism detection software. The screening covers global published databases, institutional repositories, conference proceedings, and internet sources.

The overall Turnitin similarity index must not exceed 25%, with no more than 3% similarity from any single source. Papers exceeding these thresholds face immediate editorial rejection.

Plagiarism checks occur at two key stages: initially upon manuscript submission (Initial Desk Evaluation) and again after authors submit their final revised paper prior to typesetting and production.

In cases of confirmed plagiarism, self-plagiarism, or data fabrication, the journal applies COPE guidelines, resulting in immediate rejection, submission bans, or formal retractions post-publication.

Reproducing text word-for-word from another source without using quotation marks, block indentations, or appropriate footnotes/citations in Chicago Manual of Style format.

Altering key words or sentence structures of another author's ideas while retaining the core narrative without providing a clear scholarly citation.

Reusing significant portions of an author's own previously published papers, book chapters, or datasets without formal acknowledgment or permission from the original publisher.