Comparative Analysis Of The Spherical Trigonometry Method In Qibla Direction Calibration Based On Aulatis At Nur Rahman Mosque Singosari Malang
spherical trigonometry; arah kiblat; Aulatis; akurasi; validitas
Keywords:
Spherical Trigonometry, Qibla Direction, Aulatis, Accuracy, ValidityAbstract
This study is motivated by the problem of discrepancies in accuracy and validity in qibla direction calibration between the mathematical approach of spherical trigonometry and the use of Aulatis instruments within contemporary Islamic astronomy practices. The research problem addresses how the levels of accuracy and validity differ between these two methods and to what extent their results vary in determining a precise qibla direction. Accordingly, the research questions focus on a comparative analysis of angular deviation, result consistency, and conformity with geodetic standards based on global geographic coordinates. This study employs a quantitative method with a comparative-analytical approach through the integration of spherical trigonometry calculations, field measurements using Aulatis, and verification based on modern geodetic systems. The variables analyzed include calculated qibla direction results, field observation data, and the degree of angular deviation from the theoretical qibla direction. The case study is conducted at Masjid Nur Rahman Singosari as an empirical representation of qibla calibration practices. The findings indicate that the spherical trigonometry method demonstrates higher levels of accuracy and validity, characterized by smaller and more consistent deviations, while Aulatis offers practical advantages in operational use despite being influenced by technical field conditions. These results underscore the importance of integrating mathematical approaches with practical instruments to enhance the precision of qibla calibration. The scientific contribution of this study lies in strengthening a comparative evaluation model based on a multidisciplinary approach integrating Islamic astronomy and modern geodesy, while also offering novelty in assessing the accuracy and validity of qibla calibration methods in alignment with current technological advancements and practical needs.
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