Respon Mahasiswa Ilmu Falak UIN Alauddin Makassar terhadap Kebijakan Kemenag RI dalam Penentuan Awal Bulan Ramadhan, Syawal dan Dzulhijjah

Abstract

ABSTRAK

Pokok masalah penelitian ini ialah bagaimana respon mahasiswa ilmu falak UIN Alauddin Makassar terhadap kebijakan Kemenag RI dalam penentuan awal bulan Ramadhan, Syawal dan Dzulhijjah. Pokok masalah ini terbagi beberapa sub masalah yakni: pertama, bagaimana urgensi penentuan awal bulan Ramadhan, Syawal dan Dzulhijjah. Kedua, bagaimana  pemahaman  mahasiswa Ilmu Falak UIN Alauddin Makassar terhadap Kebijakan Kemenag RI dalam penentuan awal bulan Ramadhan, Syawal dan Dzulhijjah. Ketiga, bagaimana implikasi dari respon mahasiswa Ilmu Falak UIN Alauddin Makassar terhadap penentuan Kebijakan Kemenag RI terkait penentuan Awal Bulan Ramadhan, Syawal dan Dzulhijjah. Penelitian ini termasuk kedalam jenis penelitian kualitatif lapangan (Field Research). Pendekatan yang dipakai yakni pendekatan astronomis serta pendekatan syar’i. Sumber data primer didapat melalui wawancara. Data sekunder didapat melalui kepustakaan yang berhubungan dengan awal bulan Hijriah. Metode pengumpulan data yakni observasi, wawancara serta dokumentasi. Teknik pengolahan serta analisis data yakni reduksi data, penyajian data, serta penarik kesimpulan. Pengujian keabsahan data dilakukan melalui teknik triangulasi. Hasil dari penelitian ini pertama, urgensi Penentuan Awal Bulan Ramadhan, Syawal dan Dzulhijjah ialah sangat penting dalam Islam karena berdampak langsung pada pelaksanaan ibadah umat Islam. Kedua, Pemahaman mahasiswa Ilmu Falak UIN Alauddin Makassar tentang kebijakan Kemenag RI  umumnya mendukung kebijakan Kemenag yang menggabungkan metode hisab dan rukyat karena relevan dengan ilmu yang mereka pelajari dan mengurangi perbedaan pendapat di masyarakat. Namun, mereka mengkritik inkonsistensi antara hasil hisab dan rukyat yang membingungkan masyarakat, serta menyarankan Kemenag lebih meningkatkan sosialisasi terkait prioritas metode yang digunakan agar masyarakat lebih paham. Ketiga, implikasi dari respon mahasiswa memiliki pandangan positif terhadap kebijakan ini karena berdampak signifikan bagi pendidikan Ilmu Falak dan penerimaan kebijakan di kalangan masyarakat. Mereka berpotensi menjadi penghubung antara teori dan praktik, serta berkontribusi dalam penyempurnaan kebijakan yang ada. Implikasi dari penelitian ini yaitu pertama, hasilnya dapat digunakan untuk mengevaluasi dan memperbarui kurikulum program studi Ilmu Falak dengan fokus pada peningkatan pemahaman mahasiswa tentang metode hisab dan rukyat serta kebijakan Kemenag RI. Kedua, penelitian ini akan membantu Kemenag RI mempertimbangkan perspektif akademik saat menentukan awal bulan Hijriyah. Ketiga, diharapkan mahasiswa Ilmu Falak dapat berperan aktif dalam menjembatani  antara teori dan praktik serta membantu masyarakat untuk mengurangi potensi konflik dan kebingungan di kalangan umat Islam.

Kata Kunci:  Respon, Mahasiswa, Kebijakan, Awal Bulan Hijriah

ABSTRACT

The main problem of this research is how the response of astronomy students of UIN Alauddin Makassar to the policy of the Ministry of Religion of the Republic of Indonesia in determining the beginning of the months of Ramadhan, Shawwal, and Dzulhijjah. The main problem is divided into several sub-problems as follows: first, how urgent is the determination of the beginning of the months of Ramadhan, Shawwal and Dzulhijjah. Second, how do students of Astronomy of UIN Alauddin Makassar understand the Policy of the Ministry of Religion of the Republic of Indonesia in determining the beginning of the months of Ramadhan, Shawwal and Dzulhijjah. Third, what are the implications of the response of Astronomy students of UIN Alauddin Makassar to the determination of the Policy of the Ministry of Religion of the Republic of Indonesia. Regarding the determination of the beginning of the month of Ramadhan, Shawwal and Dzulhijjah. This research is a type of qualitative field research (Field Research). The approach used is the astronomical approach and the shar'i approach. Primary data sources were obtained through interviews. Secondary data is obtained through literature related to the beginning of the Hijri month. Data collection methods are observation, interviews and documentation. Data processing and analysis techniques are data reduction, data presentation, and conclusion drawing. Data validity testing is done through triangulation techniques. The results of this research are first, the urgency of determining the beginning of the month of Ramadhan, Shawwal and Dzulhijjah is very important in Islam because it has a direct impact on the implementation of worship for Muslims. Second, the understanding of Astronomy students of UIN Alauddin Makassar about the policies of the Ministry of Religion of the Republic of Indonesia generally supports the policies of the Ministry of Religion which combines the hisab and rukyat methods because they are relevant to the knowledge they are learning and reduce differences of opinion in society. However, they criticized the inconsistency between the results of hisab and rukyat which confused the public, and suggested that the Ministry of Religion further increase socialization regarding the priority of the methods used so that the public understands better. Third, the implications of the student response have a positive view of this policy because it has a significant impact on astronomy education and policy acceptance among the public. They have the potential to be a link between theory and practice, as well as contribute to the improvement of existing policies. The implications of this study are first, the results can be used to evaluate and update the curriculum of the Astronomy study program with a focus on improving students' understanding of the hisab and rukyat methods as well as the policies of the Ministry of Religion of the Republic of Indonesia. Second, this research will help the Indonesian Ministry of Religion consider an academic perspective when determining the beginning of the Hijri month. Third, it is hoped that students of Astronomy can play an active role in bridging theory and practice and helping the community to reduce the potential for conflict and confusion among Muslims.

Keywords: Response, Students, Policy, Early Hijri Month