PERKEMBANGAN USHUL FIQH DI ERA MODEREN: TRANSFORMASI METODOLOGIS DAN PARADIGMA IJTIHAD KONTEMPORER
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.24252/iqtishaduna.v6i4.58824Abstract
Abstrak
Perkembangan Ushul Fiqh di era modern menunjukkan pergeseran yang signifikan dari pendekatan tekstual-rigid menuju metode yang semakin kontekstual, berbasis maqāṣid, dan interdisipliner. Artikel ini mengkaji tiga dimensi utama: transformasi metodologis Ushul Fiqh klasik, evolusi paradigma ijtihad dari mujtahid tunggal (fardi) ke kolektif (jama’i), serta penerapan prinsip-prinsip Ushul dan maqāṣid dalam fenomena kontemporer seperti fintech, blockchain, crowdfunding, dan perlindungan data pribadi. Berdasarkan penelitian kualitatif-deskriptif dan analisis komparatif, hasil studi menunjukkan sistem hukum Islam modern kini bersifat dinamis dan relevan terhadap tantangan teknologi dan sosial. Disarankan agar kurikulum ushul fiqh lebih interdisipliner, memperkuat mekanisme ijtihad jama’i, serta mendorong publikasi dan evaluasi empiris terhadap fatwa keagamaan kontemporer.
Kata kunci: Ushul Fiqh, maqāṣid, ijtihad jama’i, fintech syariah, hukum Islam modern
Abstract
The development of Ushul Fiqh in the modern era marks a notable shift from a textual-rigid approach to a more contextual, maqāṣid-based, and interdisciplinary methodology. This article examines three core dimensions: the methodological transformation of classical Ushul Fiqh, the paradigm shift of ijtihad from individual (fardi) to collective (jama’i) reasoning, and the application of Ushul Fiqh principles and maqāṣid in contemporary phenomena such as fintech, blockchain, crowdfunding, and personal data protection. Utilizing a qualitative-descriptive method and comparative analysis, the study finds that modern Islamic legal systems have become dynamic and responsive to technological and social challenges. It is recommended to develop interdisciplinary Ushul Fiqh curricula, strengthen collective ijtihad mechanisms, and encourage the publication and empirical evaluation of contemporary religious fatwas.
Keywords: Ushul Fiqh, maqāṣid, collective ijtihad, Islamic fintech, modern Islamic law
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Copyright (c) 2025 Umar Laila, Muammar Muhammad Bakry, Abdul Rauf Muhammad Amin
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