MEMAHAMI HUKUM ISLAM MELALUI WAHYU (AL-QUR’AN)

Abstract

Abstrak

Penelitian ini bertujuan memahami hukum Islam secara mendalam melalui wahyu Al‑Qur’an dengan dua focus padapendekatan-pendekatan tafsir-ushul yang mencakup hermeneutik mantuq mafhum, analisis struktur naratif‑retorik, serta pendekatan rasional-normatif berdasarkan maqāṣid dan ijtihād; serta tantangan serta relevansi pemahaman hukum Islam kontemporer melalui studi kasus fatwa digital, reformasi keluarga, dan perumusan hukum berbasis kemaslahatan. Menggunakan metode kualitatif-deskriptif, data diperoleh dari analisis teks Al‑Qur’an, literatur klasik & modern, dokumen fatwa, serta regulasi kontemporer. Temuan menunjukkan bahwa integrasi mazhab klasik dengan pendekatan ijtihād‑maḳāṣid mampu menjembatani kesenjangan antara teks wahyu dan kebutuhan hukum modern, khususnya dalam ranah gender, HAM, dan teknologi. Validasi dilakukan melalui triangulasi akademik (diskusi ahli, verifikasi teks, dan peer review). Rekomendasi penelitian ini mendorong pengembangan tafsir hukum yang responsif dan dinamis terhadap permasalahan kekinian.

Kata Kunci: hermeneutik; ijtihād‑maqāṣid; fatwa digital; reformasi keluarga; maslahah

Abstract

This study aims to deepen the understanding of Islamic law through the revelation of the Qur’an by focusing on two main areas interpretative methodologies including mantuq mafhum hermeneutics, narrative‑rhetorical text analysis, and rational‑normative approaches based on maqāṣid and ijtihād; and challenges and relevance of contemporary Islamic legal understanding through case studies of digital fatwas, family law reform, and benefit-based legal formulation. Employing a qualitative-descriptive method, data were collected from Qur’anic text analysis, classical and modern literature, fatwa documents, and contemporary legal regulations. The results demonstrate that integrating classical legal schools with ijtihād- maqāṣid approaches can bridge the gap between the revealed text and modern legal needs, particularly in areas of gender, human rights, and technology. Validation was conducted through academic triangulation (expert consultation, textual verification, and peer review). This research recommends developing responsive and dynamic legal exegesis to address current issues effectively.

Keywords: hermeneutics; ijtihād‑maqāṣid; digital fatwa; family law reform; maslahah