BARANG TEMUAN (LUQATHAH) YANG TELAH DI MANFAATKAN DALAM PERSPEKTIF MAZHAB IMAM SYAFI’I
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.24252/iqtishaduna.v6i4.59108Abstract
Abstrak
Penanganan barang temuan (luqathah) masih menjadi isu yang kurang dipahami di tengah masyarakat, terutama dalam konteks jual beli pakaian bekas, di mana sering ditemukan barang-barang bernilai seperti dompet di dalam kantong pakaian yang telah dibeli. Dalam kasus seperti ini, timbul pertanyaan mengenai status kepemilikan barang tersebut: apakah tetap dikategorikan sebagai luqathah atau telah sah menjadi milik pembeli. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengkaji pandangan Mazhab Imam Syafi’i terhadap barang temuan yang telah dimanfaatkan oleh penemunya, serta menganalisis praktik masyarakat di Jalan AMD, Kecamatan Muara Bulian, dalam menangani barang temuan pada transaksi jual beli pakaian bekas. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah kualitatif-deskriptif dengan pendekatan yuridis-normatif dan empiris. Data diperoleh melalui studi pustaka dan wawancara lapangan terhadap penjual dan pembeli pakaian bekas di lokasi penelitian. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa menurut Mazhab Imam Syafi’i, barang temuan tetap wajib diumumkan selama satu tahun sebelum dapat dimanfaatkan, dan harus dikembalikan apabila pemiliknya muncul dan dapat membuktikan kepemilikannya. Jika barang telah dimanfaatkan sebelum masa tersebut selesai, maka penemu berkewajiban mengganti nilainya. Di sisi lain, pemahaman masyarakat masih beragam dan cenderung kurang tepat, sebagian besar menganggap barang tersebut sebagai hak milik setelah pembelian dilakukan.
Penelitian ini merekomendasikan adanya edukasi hukum Islam terkait luqathah kepada masyarakat, khususnya dalam aktivitas perdagangan barang bekas, agar transaksi tetap berjalan sesuai prinsip syariah dan etika muamalah.
Kata Kunci: Luqathah, Mazhab Imam Syafi’i, Barang Temuan, Jual Beli Pakaian Bekas, Hukum Islam
Abstract
The handling of found items (luqathah) remains a poorly understood issue in the community, particularly in the context of buying and selling used clothing, where valuable items such as wallets are often found in the pockets of purchased clothing. In such cases, questions arise regarding the ownership status of the item: whether it remains categorized as luqathah or has legally become the property of the buyer. This study aims to examine the views of the Imam Shafi'i school of thought on found items that have been used by the finder and to analyze the practices of the community on Jalan AMD, Muara Bulian District, in handling found items in used clothing transactions. The research method used was qualitative-descriptive with a juridical-normative and empirical approach. Data were obtained through literature review and field interviews with sellers and buyers of used clothing at the research location. The results indicate that according to the Imam Shafi'i school of thought, found items must be declared for one year before they can be used and must be returned if the owner appears and can prove ownership. If the item is used before this period expires, the finder is obliged to replace its value. On the other hand, public understanding remains varied and often inaccurate, with most considering the item to be their property after purchase.
This study recommends public education on Islamic law regarding luqathah, particularly in the secondhand goods trade, to ensure transactions remain compliant with sharia principles and ethical transactions.
Keywords: Luqathah, Shafi'i School of Law, Found Goods, Used Clothing Trading, Islamic Law
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Copyright (c) 2025 Maryani, A. Syukri Shaleh, Idil Adha, Suryansyah

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