PANDANGAN ETIKA BISNIS EKONOMI SYARIAH TERHADAP TRANSAKSI TERLARANG : RIBA DAN BUNGA BANK
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.24252/iqtishaduna.v6i4.59177Abstract
AbstrakPenelitian ini membahas pandangan etika bisnis dalam ekonomi syariah terhadap transaksi yang dianggap terlarang, khususnya riba dan bunga bank. Dalam perspektif syariah, riba secara tegas dilarang karena dianggap merugikan pihak yang lemah dan melanggar prinsip keadilan serta kesejahteraan sosial. Riba adalah penambahan yang disyaratkan dalam transaksi pinjaman yang tidak didasarkan pada aktivitas usaha atau risiko nyata, yang menyebabkan ketidakadilan bagi peminjam. Metode penelitian yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini yaitu jenis metode studi kepustakaan yaitu suatu metode yang bersumber dari buku-buku, jurnal, serta literatur-literatur lain yang mendukung dalam penelitian ini. Hasil dari pembahasan ini adalah bunga bank dalam sistem perbankan konvensional sering kali dipandang sebagai bentuk riba, karena melibatkan penambahan pada pokok pinjaman tanpa memperhitungkan keuntungan atau kerugian dalam usaha. Dalam etika bisnis syariah, baik riba maupun bunga bank dianggap sebagai bentuk eksploitasi dan ketidakadilan yang merugikan kesejahteraan bersama. Sebagai solusinya, sistem ekonomi syariah menawarkan alternatif melalui transaksi berbasis bagi hasil, seperti mudharabah dan musyarakah, yang memastikan pembagian keuntungan dan risiko yang adil antara pihak-pihak yang terlibat. Penelitian ini menegaskan bahwa pandangan etika bisnis syariah berfokus pada prinsip keadilan, kesejahteraan sosial, dan tanggung jawab untuk menghindari eksploitasi dalam transaksi keuangan.
Kata kunci: Bunga Bank, Etika Bisnis, Ekonomi Syariah
Abstract
This study discusses the ethical perspective of business in Islamic economics on transactions that are considered prohibited, especially usury and bank interest. In the perspective of Islamic law, usury is strictly prohibited because it is considered detrimental to the weak and violates the principles of justice and social welfare. Usury is an addition required in a loan transaction that is not based on business activities or real risks, which causes injustice to the borrower. The research method used in this study is the type of literature study method, namely a method that is sourced from books, journals, and other literature that supports this study. The results of this discussion are that bank interest in the conventional banking system is often viewed as a form of usury, because it involves an addition to the principal loan without taking into account the profit or loss in the business. In Islamic business ethics, both usury and bank interest are considered forms of exploitation and injustice that are detrimental to the common welfare. As a solution, the Islamic economic system offers an alternative through profit-sharing transactions, such as mudharabah and musyarakah, which ensure a fair distribution of profits and risks between the parties involved. This study confirms that the view of Islamic business ethics focuses on the principles of justice, social welfare, and responsibility to avoid exploitation in financial transactions.
Keywords: Bank Interest, Business Ethics, Islamic Economics
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