PENERAPAN PRINSIP KEPENTINGAN TERBAIK ANAK DALAM PUTUSAN PERWALIAN ANAK: TELAAH PUTUSAN PENGADILAN AGAMA YOGYAKARTA NOMOR 102/PDT.P/2025/PA.YK BERDASARKAN CONVENTION ON THE RIGHTS OF THE CHILD (CRC)
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.24252/iqtishaduna.v7i3.66751Abstract
Abstrak
Artikel ini mengkaji penerapan prinsip kepentingan terbaik anak dalam Putusan Pengadilan Agama Yogyakarta Nomor 102/Pdt.P/2025/PA.YK dengan menggunakan perspektif Convention on the Rights of the Child (CRC). Penelitian ini dilakukan melalui analisis yuridis-normatif yang dipadukan dengan pendekatan kasus terhadap pertimbangan hakim dalam penetapan perwalian dan pemberian kewenangan pengelolaan aset warisan anak. Hasil kajian menunjukkan bahwa secara formal putusan telah sejalan dengan ketentuan hukum nasional, terutama Undang-Undang Perkawinan, Kompilasi Hukum Islam, dan Undang-Undang Perlindungan Anak, serta memenuhi aspek legalitas bukti, hubungan keorangtuaan, dan kelayakan moral calon wali. Namun, bila diukur dengan standar CRC, pertimbangan hakim belum sepenuhnya mencerminkan analisis substantif mengenai kebutuhan psikologis, sosial, dan ekonomi anak. Putusan tidak menunjukkan keterlibatan anak dalam proses pengambilan keputusan, tidak memuat asesmen multidisipliner, dan tidak menetapkan mekanisme pengawasan terhadap wali dalam pengelolaan aset, sehingga berpotensi menimbulkan benturan kepentingan. Temuan ini menegaskan perlunya formulasi pertimbangan yang lebih komprehensif dan protektif dalam perkara perwalian, khususnya ketika berkaitan dengan aset anak. Penelitian ini merekomendasikan agar peradilan agama menerapkan analisis best interests of the child secara eksplisit serta menetapkan batasan dan pengawasan terhadap tindakan wali demi menjamin perlindungan maksimal terhadap hak anak.
Kata Kunci: : Perwalian Anak, Convention on the Rights of the Child, Kepentingan Terbaik Anak, Pertimbangan Hakim.
Abstract
This article examines the application of the best interests of the child principle in Decision Number 102/Pdt.P/2025/PA.YK issued by the Religious Court of Yogyakarta. Using a normative juridical approach combined with a case-study method, this research finds that the decision complies with national legal standards on guardianship, including the legality of evidence, parental status, and the guardian's authority over the child’s assets. However, from the perspective of the Convention on the Rights of the Child (CRC), the judicial considerations do not fully reflect a substantive assessment of the child’s psychological, social, and economic needs, nor do they incorporate the child’s right to be heard or adequate oversight mechanisms for asset management. The absence of multidisciplinary assessment and the broad authority granted to the guardian create risks of conflict of interest and insufficient long term child protection. This study underscores the need for more comprehensive judicial reasoning aligned with CRC principles to ensure optimal protection for children in guardianship cases.
Keywords: Child Guardianship, Convention on the Rights of the Child, Best Interests of the Child, Judicial Reasoning.
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