BEBAN FISKAL PROGRAM MAKAN BERGIZI GRATIS TERHADAP RUANG FISKAL APBN : TINJAUAN DARI PERSPEKTIF EKONOMI SYARIAH
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.24252/iqtishaduna.v7i4.70732Abstract
Abstrak
Program Makan Bergizi Gratis (MBG) merupakan program prioritas pemerintah Indonesia yang bertujuan meningkatkan kualitas gizi masyarakat dan mendukung pembangunan sumber daya manusia. Namun, besarnya alokasi anggaran program ini menimbulkan perhatian terhadap dampaknya terhadap ruang fiskal APBN dan keberlanjutan kebijakan publik dalam perspektif ekonomi syariah. Penelitian ini bertujuan menganalisis beban fiskal MBG terhadap ruang fiskal APBN, implikasinya terhadap keberlanjutan fiskal, serta kesesuaiannya dengan prinsip ekonomi syariah. Penelitian menggunakan metode kualitatif deskriptif melalui studi kepustakaan dan analisis kebijakan dengan sumber data berupa dokumen APBN, laporan pemerintah, peraturan, serta literatur ilmiah terkait. Analisis dilakukan berdasarkan konsep maqashid syariah, khususnya hifz al-nafs, hifz al-‘aql, dan hifz al-mal. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa MBG berpotensi menjadi investasi sosial dalam meningkatkan kualitas sumber daya manusia. Namun, besarnya anggaran dapat mempersempit ruang fiskal apabila tidak disertai efisiensi, pengawasan, dan tata kelola yang baik. Dari perspektif ekonomi syariah, MBG sejalan dengan prinsip kemaslahatan publik, keadilan, dan keberlanjutan. Oleh karena itu, diperlukan penguatan tata kelola, transparansi anggaran, pengawasan, serta evaluasi berkala agar program berjalan efektif dan berkelanjutan.
Kata Kunci: Makan Bergizi Gratis, APBN, ruang fiskal, ekonomi syariah, maqashid syariah.
Abstract
The Free Nutritious Meals Program (MBG) is a priority program of the Indonesian government aimed at improving public nutrition and supporting human resource development. However, its large budget allocation raises concerns regarding its impact on the fiscal space of the State Budget (APBN) and the sustainability of public policy from an Islamic economic perspective. This study aims to analyze the fiscal burden of MBG on APBN fiscal space, its implications for fiscal sustainability, and its compatibility with Islamic economic principles. This research employs a descriptive qualitative method through literature review and policy analysis using data from APBN documents, government reports, regulations, and relevant academic literature. The analysis is based on the maqashid sharia framework, particularly hifz al-nafs, hifz al-‘aql, and hifz al-mal. The results indicate that MBG has the potential to become a social investment in improving human resource quality. However, its large budget allocation may reduce fiscal flexibility if not supported by efficiency, supervision, and good governance. From an Islamic economic perspective, MBG aligns with public welfare, justice, and sustainability principles. Therefore, strengthening governance, budget transparency, monitoring, and periodic evaluation is necessary to ensure effective and sustainable implementation.
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Copyright (c) 2026 Sajad Khawarizmi Maulana Musthofa, Nurul Setianingrum

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