TIME VALUE OF MONEY DAN ECONOMIC VALUE OF TIME DALAM LEGITIMASI KEUANGAN SYARIAH
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.24252/iqtishaduna.v7i4.71650Abstract
Abstrak
Perdebatan mengenai konsep Time Value of Money (TVM) dan Economic Value of Time (EVT) telah menjadi diskursus krusial yang mendasari arsitektur sistem keuangan Islam. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis secara komprehensif legitimasi kedua konsep tersebut dalam kerangka hukum dan ekonomi syariah, mengevaluasi praktik penetapan harga pada instrumen pembiayaan murabahah, serta mengkaji implikasi yuridis-ekonomis dari regulasi kontemporer, khususnya Fatwa DSN-MUI No.153/DSN-MUI/VI/2022 tentang Penyelesaian Awal Pembiayaan Murabahah dan Fatwa DSN-MUINo.88/DSN-MUI/X/2013 tentang Dana Pensiun.Melalui pendekatan kualitatif dengan metode Systematic Literature Review (SLR) yang ditopang oleh analisis dokumen normatif, penelitian ini mendekonstruksi asumsi ontologis TVM yang menganggap uang sebagai komoditas yang dapat bereproduksi secara mandiri seiring berjalannya waktu. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa TVM tidak selaras dengan prinsip syariah karena memvalidasi riba melalui pembenaran opportunity cost tanpa adanya pertukaran di sektor riil. Sebagai Antitesis,EVT menawarkan paradigma bahwa waktu memiliki nilai ekonomi eksklusif jika diiringi dengan aktivitas ekonomi produktif dan distribusi risiko (risk-sharing).Lebih Lanjut,penerapan Fatwa DSN-MUI No.153/2022 terbukti menghadirkan kepastian hukum dan perlindungan konsumen dengan mewajibkan institusi keuangan syariah memberikan potongan (diskon) pada qimah ismiyyah saat pelunasan dipercepat.Hal Ini Secara efektif mengeliminasi nilai waktu yang belum direalisasikan,sehingga mengembalikan ta kelola perbankan pada ekuilibrium keadilan distributif yang berlandaskan pada Maqashid al-Syariah.
KataKunci:TimeValueofiMoney,EconomicValueofiTime,KeuanganSyariah,FatwaDSN-MUI, Murabahah, Maqashid al-Syariah.
Abstract
The debate surrounding the concepts the Time Value of Money (TVM) and the Economic Value of Time (EVT) has become crucial discourse underpinning the architecture of the Islamic financial system. This study aim to comprehensively analyze the legitimacy of both concepts within the Islamic legal and economic framework, evaluate pricing practices in murabahah financing instruments, and assess the juridical-economic implications of contemporary regulations, particularly DSN-MUI Fatwa No.153/DSN-MUI/VI/2022 on Early Settlement Murabaha Financing and Fatwa No.88/DSN-MUI/X/2013 on Pension Funds. Employing a qualitative approach via a Systematic Literature Review (SLR) method supported by normative document analysis, this research deconstructs the ontological assumptions of TVM, which treats money as a self-reproducing commodity over time. The results indicate that TVM is fundamentally incompatible with Sharia principles as it validates riba (usury) through the justification of opportunity cost without real-sector exchange. As an antithesis, EVT offers aparadigm where time possesses economic value exclusively when accompanied by productive economic activity and risk-sharing. Furthermore, the implementation of DSN-MUI Fatwa No.153/2022 has proven to introduce legal certainty and consumer protection by mandating Islamicfinancialinstitutionstograntdiscountsontheqimahismiyyahduringearlysettlement. This effectively eliminates unrealized time value, thereby restoring banking governance to an equilibriumofdistributivejusticeanchoredinMaqasidal-Shariah.
Keywords:TimeValue iMoney, Economic Value Of Time, Islamic Finance, DSN-MUI Fatwa, Murabahah, Maqasidal-Shariah.
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