ASEAN Intergovernmental Commission on Human Rights (AICHR) as Limited Norm Localization in Rohingya Human Rights Protection
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.24252/rir.v7i1.56792Kata Kunci:
AICHR, ASEAN, Human rights, RohingyaAbstrak
Penelitian ini menganalisis bagaimana ASEAN Intergovernmental Commission on Human Rights (AICHR) sebagai luaran lokalisasi norma terbatas dalam perlindungan Hak Asasi Manusia (HAM) terhadap etnis Rohingya. Dengan pendekatan teori lokalisasi norma Acharya (2004), studi ini menelusuri proses adaptasi norma global HAM ke dalam kerangka ASEAN, yang menghadapi tantangan akibat prinsip non-interferensi dan kedaulatan negara anggota. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa AICHR, meski dibentuk untuk mempromosikan dan melindungi HAM, memiliki keterbatasan struktural dan fungsional. Mandatnya yang konsultatif, ketiadaan mekanisme investigasi, serta dominasi prinsip ASEAN Way—khususnya konsensus dan non-intervensi—membuat AICHR tidak efektif dalam menangani krisis Rohingya. Analisis melalui empat tahap lokalisasi (kontestasi, inisiatif lokal, adaptasi, dan amplifikasi) mengungkap bahwa AICHR lebih berfungsi sebagai simbol komitmen ASEAN terhadap HAM daripada instrumen perlindungan nyata. Studi ini menyimpulkan bahwa tanpa reformasi mandat dan penyesuaian prinsip ASEAN, AICHR akan terus gagal menjawab pelanggaran HAM sistematis seperti yang dialami Rohingya. Implikasinya, diperlukan redefinisi norma HAM global yang lebih kontekstual dengan nilai-nilai regional.
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