Proving Honor Killing under Indonesia’s New Criminal Code
Living Law, Siri’ na Pacce, and Siyasah Jinaiyah in Bugis-Makassar Society
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.24252/shautuna.v7i3.71932Keywords:
Honor Killing, Living Law, Siri’ na Pacce, Siyasah Jinaiyah, Indonesian Criminal CodeAbstract
The recognition of living law under Indonesia’s Law No. 1 of 2023 on the Criminal Code creates a legal dilemma when customary values concerning honor conflict with the protection of human life. This issue is particularly relevant in Bugis-Makassar society, where Siri’ na Pacce may influence responses to perceived violations of family honor and potentially contribute to honor-killing practices. This study examines the reconstruction of premeditation in honor-killing cases, the legal limits of customary norms under the new Criminal Code, and their implications from the perspective of Siyasah Jinaiyah. The study employs an interdisciplinary legal approach combining normative and empirical juridical methods. Data were obtained from analysis of the new Criminal Code, a selected court decision, and interviews with legal and religious authorities, and were analyzed through legal interpretation and thematic analysis. The findings show that premeditation under Article 459 can be established through concrete preparatory acts, including family deliberation, prior formulation of the intent to kill, and preparation of traditional weapons. Article 2 does not provide legal protection for customary practices that violate fundamental rights, particularly the right to life. From the perspective of Siyasah Jinaiyah, private retaliation cannot replace state-administered punishment because the protection of life and public order requires institutionalized legal enforcement. The study provides a practical framework for distinguishing culturally motivated violence from legally recognized customary conduct and assessing premeditation without treating Siri’ na Pacce as a justification for killing. This framework may assist judges and law-enforcement authorities in addressing honor-killing cases involving claims of customary legitimacy while safeguarding human rights and Islamic criminal-law principles.
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