Similarity Check

Plagiarism and self-plagiarism are strictly prohibited.

Authors must ensure that the submitted work is entirely original. If authors use the work and/or words of others, proper citation or quotation must be clearly provided.

In general, authors are not allowed to publish manuscripts describing essentially the same research in more than one journal or primary publication. Submitting the same manuscript simultaneously to more than one journal constitutes unethical publishing behavior and is unacceptable.

Proper acknowledgment of the work of other authors must always be given. Authors are required to cite publications that have significantly contributed to the development and substance of the reported research.

Screening Process

The Editorial Team conducts an initial manual screening of submitted manuscripts through offline and online databases to ensure the accuracy of citations and quotations.

Manuscripts that pass this stage will be checked using Turnitin to identify potential plagiarism before the peer-review process and prior to acceptance. The maximum allowed similarity index is below 20%.