Hubungan Kadar Timbal dalam Darah dengan Jumlah Eritrosit, MCV dan MCH Pada Ibu Hamil di Daerah Pantai
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.24252/higiene.v3i3.4655Abstract
Timbal merupakan logam berat yang memiliki sifat toksiknya yang akumulatif dan biomagnifikasi bagi kesehatan manusia. Salah satu efek paparan timbal adalah dapat mempengaruhi sistem hematologi dengan cara menganggu sintesis heme, kemudian memperpendek umur sel darah merah (eritrosit) serta menyebabkan anemia. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui hubungan kadar timbal dalam darah dengan jumlah eritrosit, MCV dan MCH pada ibu hamil.
Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian observasional analitik dengan pendekatan cross sectional, dengan jumlah sampel 49 ibu hamil yang di ambil secara purposive sampling. Sedangkan analisis data penelitian menggunakan SPSS versi 17,0 for windows.
Kadar timbal dalam darah ibu hamil rata-rata 19,74±9,416 µg/dL dengan nilai minimum sebesar 6,33 µg/dL dan nilai maksimum yakni 30,60 µg/dL. Hasil analisis multivariat menunjukkan bahwa ada hubungan yang signifikan antara kadar timbal dalam darah dengan jumlah eritrosit (p = 0,034 dan OR= 11,717). Namun antara kadar timbal dalam darah dengan MCV dan MCH tidak memiliki hubungan yang signifikan dengan p = 0,148 dan p =0,480 > 0,05.
Semua ibu hamil memiliki kadar timbal diatas ambang batas yang ditentukan oleh CDC yakni 5,0 µg/dL dengan nilai rata-rata 19,74 µg/dL, Kadar timbal dalam darah tinggi merupakan salah salah satu faktor risiko terjadinya penurunan jumlah eritrosit pada ibu hamil
Kata Kunci : timbal, eritrosit, MCV, MCH, ibu hamil
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