PRAKTIK INFAK DENGAN SISTEM JIMPITAN PERSPEKTIF MASLAHAH MURSALAH (Studi di Desa Brengkolang, Kabupaten Pekalongan)
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.24252/el-iqthisady.v7i2.59086Abstract
Abstrak
Penelitian ini membahas praktik infak dengan sistem jimpitan di Desa Brengkolang, Kabupaten Pekalongan, sebagai solusi pendanaan renovasi masjid desa. Infak sebagai salah satu bentuk sedekah dalam Islam, biasanya bersifat sukarela dan tidak memiliki batasan nominal maupun waktu tertentu. Namun, dalam praktik yang diterapkan di Desa Brengkolang, infak diwajibkan bagi setiap keluarga dengan jumlah minimum Rp. 50.000 per bulan selama 30 bulan, menggunakan sistem jimpitan, yaitu pengumpulan infak dari rumah ke rumah oleh panitia. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan yuridis-sosiologis untuk menganalisis kesesuaian praktik ini dengan hukum Islam. Kajian teori berfokus pada konsep infak, jimpitan, serta prinsip Maslahah Mursalah dalam hukum Islam. Data diperoleh melalui wawancara dengan masyarakat setempat, pemerintah desa, dan pengelola masjid, serta analisis literatur terkait. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa praktik infak dengan sistem jimpitan ini memiliki manfaat bagi masyarakat dalam membangun fasilitas ibadah, mencerminkan semangat gotong royong, serta memenuhi prinsip kemaslahatan. Namun, dari perspektif hukum Islam, kewajiban dan penentuan nominal infak bertentangan dengan prinsip dasar infak yang seharusnya bersifat sukarela. Dengan demikian, diperlukan pendekatan yang lebih fleksibel agar praktik ini tetap berjalan tanpa melanggar prinsip syariah.
Kata Kunci: Infak, Jimpitan, Hukum Islam, Maslahah Mursalah.
Abstract
This study examines the practice of infak (charitable giving) using the jimpitan system in Brengkolang Village, Pekalongan Regency, as a funding solution for mosque renovation. In Islam, infak is generally voluntary, without specific limitations on the amount or time. However, in Brengkolang, infak was made mandatory for each household, with a minimum contribution of IDR 50,000 per month for 30 consecutive months, using the jimpitan system, where contributions were collected door-to-door by a designated committee.This research employs a juridical-sociological approach to analyze the compatibility of this practice with Islamic law. The theoretical framework focuses on the concepts of infak, jimpitan, and maslahah mursalah (public interest) in Islamic jurisprudence. Data was collected through interviews with local residents, village authorities, and mosque administrators, as well as a literature review.The findings indicate that the infak practice using the jimpitan system benefits the community by facilitating mosque construction, fostering a spirit of mutual cooperation, and fulfilling the principle of public interest (maslahah). However, from an Islamic legal perspective, the obligation and fixed amount contradict the fundamental principle of infak, which should be voluntary. Therefore, a more flexible approach is recommended to ensure the practice continues without violating Islamic principles.
Keywords: Infak, Jimpitan, Islamic Law, Maslahah Mursalah.
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