PERLINDUNGAN HUKUM PARA PIHAK DALAM ANALISIS HUKUM PERDATA TERHADAP KEABSAHAN DAN PELAKSANAAN KONTRAK ELEKTRONIK

Abstract

Abstrak

Perkembangan teknologi informasi dan komunikasi telah mengubah praktik pembuatan perjanjian, khususnya melalui media elektronik atau daring. Perjanjian online kini umum dalam aktivitas ekonomi dan sosial, namun menimbulkan persoalan hukum terkait keabsahan dan perlindungan bagi para pihak. Artikel ini menelaah keabsahan kontrak elektronik dan bentuk perlindungan hukum berdasarkan hukum perdata Indonesia, menggunakan metode penelitian normatif dengan pendekatan perundang-undangan dan konseptual. Hasil kajian menunjukkan bahwa perjanjian online sah apabila memenuhi syarat Pasal 1320 KUHPerdata dan ketentuan terkait teknologi informasi, sementara perlindungan hukum diberikan melalui mekanisme preventif dan represif, meski praktiknya masih menghadapi kendala pembuktian dan ketidakseimbangan posisi tawar.

Kata Kunci: Perlindungan Hukum, Perjanjian Online, Kontrak Elektronik, Hukum Perdata

Abstract

The development of information and communication technology has significantly transformed the practice of contract formation, particularly through electronic or online media. Online agreements are now widely used in economic and social activities but raise legal issues concerning validity and protection of the parties involved. This article examines the validity of electronic contracts and the legal protections available under Indonesian civil law, using a normative legal research method with statutory and conceptual approaches. The study finds that online agreements are legally valid if they meet the requirements of Article 1320 of the Indonesian Civil Code and relevant information technology regulations. Legal protection for parties is provided through preventive and repressive mechanisms, although practical challenges remain, particularly regarding evidence and the imbalance of bargaining power..

Keywords: legal protection, online agreement, electronic contract, civil law.