WANPRESTASI DALAM AKAD MUDHARABAH: ANALISIS HUKUM EKONOMI SYARIAH PADA PERKARA 220/PDT.G/2024/PA.SMI
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.24252/iqtishaduna.v7i1.60341Abstract
Abstrak
Wanprestasi dalam akad mudharabah merupakan isu yang signifikan dalam praktik ekonomi syariah, khususnya terkait pelaksanaan hak dan kewajiban para pihak. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis aspek hukum ekonomi syariah dalam perkara 220/Pdt.G/2024/PA.SMI, yang melibatkan sengketa wanprestasi pada akad mudharabah. Studi ini menggunakan metode yuridis normatif dengan pendekatan kasus untuk memahami penerapan prinsip syariah dalam penyelesaian sengketa tersebut. Hasil analisis menunjukkan bahwa terdakwa Ari Sudarjat Sofarulloh melakukan wanprestasi dengan tidak memenuhi kewajibannya sesuai dengan akad pembiayaan yang disepakati dengan mudharabah. Penggugat menggugat Tergugat karena tidak mengembalikan modal usaha beserta keuntungan yang dijanjikan dalam perjanjian dan addendum yang telah dibuat. Pada awalnya, Pengadilan Agama Sukabumi menolak gugatan secara verstek, namun putusan tersebut dibatalkan oleh Pengadilan Agama Bandung yang menerima permohonan kasasi penggugat. Dalam putusan banding, hakim memutuskan bahwa permohonan penggugat tidak dapat diterima secara verstek, tetapi juga memerintahkan tergugat untuk membayar biaya perkara. Sebagai kesimpulan, kasus ini menyoroti pentingnya Kejelasan dan konsistensi dalam pelaksanaan kontrak mudharabi dan penerapan prinsip-prinsip fiqih Islam dalam perselisihan tentang kewajiban dalam perjanjian Syariah. Kasus ini juga menegaskan bahwa para pihak dalam akad mudharab harus memastikan bahwa kewajiban mereka dipenuhi sesuai dengan ketentuan yang disepakati guna menjaga keadilan dan hubungan bisnis yang damai sesuai dengan hukum Syariah.
Kata kunci : Akad Mudharabah, Analisis Perkara, Wanprestasi.
Abstract
Default in mudharabah contracts is a significant issue in sharia economic practice, especially regarding the implementation of the rights and obligations of the parties. This research aims to analyze aspects of sharia economic law in case 220/Pdt.G/2024/PA.SMI, which involves a dispute over default in mudharabah contracts. This study uses a normative juridical method with a case approach to understand the application of sharia principles in resolving these disputes. The results of the analysis show that the defendant Ari Sudarjat Sofarulloh committed a breach of contract by not fulfilling his obligations in accordance with the financing agreement agreed with the mudharabah. The Plaintiff sued the Defendant for not returning the business capital along with the profits promised in the agreement and addendum that had been made. Initially, the Sukabumi Religious Court rejected the lawsuit in verstek, but the decision was overturned by the Bandung Religious Court which accepted the plaintiff's cassation request. In the appeal decision, the judge decided that the plaintiff's application could not be legally accepted, but also ordered the defendant to pay court costs. In conclusion, this case highlights the importance of clarity and consistency in the implementation of mudharabi contracts and the application of the principles of Islamic jurisprudence in disputes regarding obligations in Sharia agreements. This case also emphasizes that the parties to a mudharab contract must ensure that their obligations are fulfilled in accordance with the agreed terms in order to maintain fairness and peaceful business relations in accordance with Sharia law.
Keywords: Case Analysis, Default, Mudharabah Agreement.
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Copyright (c) 2025 Padlan Padilah, Oyo Sunaryo Mukhlas, Ramdani Wahyu Sururie

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