HYBRID CONTRACT DALAM PRODUK KEUANGAN SYARIAH DI INDONESIA: ANALISIS KRITIS PERSPEKTIF FIQH MUAMALAH
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.24252/iqtishaduna.v7i3.66474Abstract
Abstrak
Perkembangan industri keuangan syariah di Indonesia mendorong munculnya berbagai inovasi produk keuangan yang menggunakan kombinasi akad atau yang dikenal dengan istilah hybrid contract. Konsep ini menjadi salah satu strategi dalam mengembangkan produk keuangan yang kompetitif, namun pada saat yang sama memunculkan perdebatan dalam perspektif fiqh muamalah terkait kesesuaiannya dengan prinsip-prinsip syariah. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis konsep hybrid contract dalam fiqh muamalah serta mengkaji secara kritis penerapannya dalam produk keuangan syariah di Indonesia. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode library research dengan pendekatan normatif-konseptual melalui analisis terhadap literatur fiqh muamalah, fatwa Dewan Syariah Nasional Majelis Ulama Indonesia, regulasi keuangan syariah, serta artikel jurnal ilmiah terkait. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa hybrid contract pada prinsipnya diperbolehkan dalam fiqh muamalah selama tidak mengandung unsur riba, gharar, dan maisir serta tidak menimbulkan manipulasi akad. Namun dalam praktik industri keuangan syariah di Indonesia, beberapa produk yang menggunakan multi akad masih memunculkan kritik terkait potensi rekayasa akad dan formalisasi syariah. Oleh karena itu, diperlukan penguatan pengawasan syariah serta pengembangan model akad yang lebih sesuai dengan prinsip keadilan dan transparansi dalam ekonomi Islam.
Kata Kunci: hybrid contract, fiqh muamalah, keuangan syariah, multi akad, ekonomi Islam
Abstract
The development of the Islamic finance industry in Indonesia has encouraged the emergence of various financial product innovations that use a combination of contracts or known as hybrid contracts. This concept is one of the strategies in developing competitive financial products, but at the same time it raises a debate in the perspective of fiqh muamalah regarding its conformity with sharia principles. This study aims to analyze the concept of hybrid contracts in muamalah fiqh and critically examine its application in Islamic financial products in Indonesia. This study uses a library research method with a normative-conceptual approach through analysis of the fiqh muamalah literature, fatwa of the National Sharia Council of the Indonesian Ulema Council, Islamic finance regulations, and related scientific journal articles. The results of the study show that hybrid contracts are in principle allowed in fiqh muamalah as long as they do not contain elements of riba, gharar, and maisir and do not cause contract manipulation. However, in the practice of the Islamic finance industry in Indonesia, some products that use multi-contracts still raise criticism related to the potential for contract engineering and sharia formalization. Therefore, it is necessary to strengthen sharia supervision and develop a contract model that is more in accordance with the principles of justice and transparency in the Islamic economy.
Keywords: hybrid contract, fiqh muamalah, sharia finance, multi-contract, Islamic economics
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Copyright (c) 2026 Attahiria Nas, Ismail, Imaniar Nur Fajriany S

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