PERLINDUNGAN HUKUM TERHADAP KARYA MUSIK DI ERA ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE MENURUT PASAL 40 UNDANG-UNDANG NOMOR 28 TAHUN 2014 TENTANG HAK CIPTA
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.24252/iqtishaduna.v7i1.60689Abstract
Abstrak
Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis bentuk perlindungan hukum terhadap hak cipta karya musik yang dihasilkan dengan bantuan Artificial Intelligence (AI), serta mengidentifikasi tantangan hukum yang dihadapi dalam konteks tersebut. Permasalahan hukum yang muncul berkaitan dengan belum adanya pengaturan eksplisit dalam Undang-Undang Nomor 28 Tahun 2014 tentang Hak Cipta terkait ciptaan yang dihasilkan oleh AI. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode yuridis normatif, dengan pendekatan perundang-undangan dan studi pustaka. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa perlindungan hukum atas karya musik berbasis AI hanya dapat diberikan apabila terdapat peran aktif manusia sebagai pencipta yang memenuhi unsur originalitas dan kendali kreatif. AI dalam hal ini dianggap sebagai alat bantu, bukan subjek hukum. Tantangan utama yang dihadapi adalah kekosongan hukum, potensi pelanggaran hak cipta, dan ketiadaan pedoman yang jelas dari otoritas terkait. Oleh karena itu, diperlukan pembaruan regulasi serta strategi hukum yang adaptif terhadap perkembangan teknologi, guna menjamin kepastian dan keadilan dalam perlindungan hak cipta di era digital.
Kata kunci: Artificial Intelligence, Hak Cipta, Musik, Perlindungan Hukum, UU No. 28 Tahun 2014
Abstract
This research aims to analyze the form of legal protection for copyright of musical works created with the assistance of Artificial Intelligence (AI), as well as to identify the legal challenges arising in this context. The legal issue addressed in this study is the absence of explicit regulations in Law No. 28 of 2014 on Copyright regarding works generated by AI. This research adopts a normative juridical method, using statutory and literature approaches.The findings indicate that legal protection for AI-generated musical works can only be granted if there is active human involvement as the creator who fulfills the elements of originality and creative control. In this case, AI is regarded merely as a tool, not a legal subject. The main challenges include regulatory gaps, potential copyright infringement, and the lack of clear technical guidelines from relevant authorities. Therefore, regulatory reform and adaptive legal strategies are necessary to ensure legal certainty and fairness in the protection of copyright in the digital era.
Keywords: Artificial Intelligence, Copyright, Music, Legal Protection, Law No. 28 of 2014.
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