ANALISIS DAMPAK IMPLEMENTASI FATWA DSN-MUI TERHADAP KEPATUHAN SYARIAH LKI: TINJAUAN DARI SISI PENGAWASAN BANK INDONESIA
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.24252/iqtishaduna.v7i2.63740Abstract
Abstrak
Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis secara mendalam dampak implementasi Fatwa Dewan Syariah Nasional Majelis Ulama Indonesia (DSN-MUI) terhadap kepatuhan syariah (Sharia Compliance) Lembaga Keuangan Islam (LKI), ditinjau dari perspektif regulasi makroprudensial dan sistem pembayaran Bank Indonesia (BI). Pasca berlakunya UU No. 21 Tahun 2011 dan diperkuat oleh UU P2SK, fungsi pengawasan mikroprudensial beralih ke OJK, namun Bank Indonesia tetap memegang peran sentral dalam menjaga stabilitas sistem keuangan melalui instrumen moneter dan pasar uang syariah. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode kualitatif deskriptif dengan pendekatan yuridis-normatif serta analisis konten terhadap Peraturan Bank Indonesia (PBI) yang diterbitkan antara tahun 2020 hingga 2025. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa transformasi Fatwa DSN-MUI menjadi regulasi positif Bank Indonesia (PBI/PADG) memiliki korelasi kuat terhadap peningkatan disiplin pasar dan mitigasi risiko reputasi. Regulasi BI berfungsi sebagai enforcement mechanism yang mengubah fatwa dari himbauan moral menjadi kewajiban hukum yang memaksa. Namun, tantangan berupa regulatory lag (ketertinggalan regulasi) terhadap inovasi produk fintech dan kompleksitas harmonisasi lintas otoritas masih menjadi hambatan dalam optimalisasi kepatuhan syariah sistemik.
Kata Kunci: Fatwa DSN-MUI, Kepatuhan Syariah, Bank Indonesia, Kebijakan Makroprudensial, Positivisasi Hukum Islam.
Abstract
This study aims to analyze in depth the impact of the implementation of the Fatwa of the National Sharia Council of the Indonesian Ulema Council (DSN-MUI) on sharia Compliance (sharia Compliance) Islamic Financial Institutions (LKI), viewed from the perspective of macroprudential regulation and payment system of Bank Indonesia (BI). When it happened, no. 21 of 2011 and strengthened by the P2SK law, the Microprudential Supervision function was transferred to the OJK, but Bank Indonesia continues to play a central role in maintaining the stability of the financial system through monetary instruments and the Sharia money market. This study uses descriptive qualitative methods with a juridical-normative approach and content analysis of Bank Indonesia regulations (PBI) published between 2020 and 2025. The results showed that the transformation of the DSN-MUI Fatwa into a positive regulation of Bank Indonesia (PBI / PADG) has a strong correlation to improving market discipline and mitigating reputational risks. BI regulation serves as an enforcement mechanism that changes the fatwa from a moral appeal to a compelling legal obligation. However, challenges in the form of regulatory lag on fintech product innovation and the complexity of cross-authority harmonization are still obstacles in optimizing systemic sharia compliance.
Keywords: DSN-MUI Fatwa, Sharia compliance, Bank Indonesia, Macroprudential Policy, Positivization of Islamic law
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Copyright (c) 2025 Narada Yudha Satria, Fatih Fuadi, Muhammad Iqbal
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