STUDI LITERATUR PENGADAAN TANAH UNTUK KEPENTINGAN UMUM: ANALISIS YURIDIS TERHADAP PERLINDUNGAN HAK MASYARAKAT DI KABUPATEN BEKASI
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.24252/iqtishaduna.v7i4.68217Abstract
Abstrak
Pembangunan infrastruktur demi kepentingan umum seringkali berbenturan dengan hak atas tanah milik masyarakat. Di Kabupaten Bekasi, sebagai salah satu kawasan industri dan penyangga ibu kota yang berkembang pesat, pengadaan tanah untuk kepentingan umum kerap memicu sengketa terkait ganti kerugian dan perlindungan hukum bagi warga terdampak. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis secara yuridis implementasi pengadaan tanah untuk kepentingan umum di Kabupaten Bekasi serta sejauh mana regulasi yang berlaku mampu memberikan perlindungan hukum terhadap hak-hak masyarakat.Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah yuridis normatif dengan pendekatan studi literatur (literature review). Data bersumber dari peraturan perundang-undangan, jurnal ilmiah, buku, dan putusan pengadilan yang relevan dengan pengadaan tanah dan hak asasi manusia. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa meskipun regulasi seperti UU No. 2 Tahun 2012 dan UU No. 6 Tahun 2023 (Cipta Kerja) telah mengatur tahapan pengadaan tanah secara sistematis, dalam praktiknya di Kabupaten Bekasi masih ditemukan celah hukum. Masalah utama berkisar pada ketidaksetaraan dalam proses musyawarah penentuan nilai ganti kerugian dan minimnya pelibatan masyarakat secara partisipatif sejak tahap perencanaan. Perlindungan hukum preventif dan represif bagi masyarakat belum sepenuhnya optimal akibat dominasi kepentingan pembangunan. Perlindungan hak masyarakat dalam pengadaan tanah di Kabupaten Bekasi masih memerlukan penguatan prinsip keadilan (fair compensation) dan transparansi. Pemerintah daerah perlu meningkatkan fungsi pengawasan dan menyediakan ruang mediasi yang independen agar pembangunan infrastruktur tidak mengorbankan hak-hak konstitusional warga.
Kata Kunci: Pengadaan Tanah, Kepentingan Umum, Perlindungan Hukum, Hak Masyarakat, Kabupaten Bekasi.
Abstract
Infrastructure development for the public interest often clashes with community land rights. In Bekasi Regency, a rapidly growing industrial and buffer zone of the capital, land acquisition for public interest frequently triggers disputes regarding compensation and legal protection for affected residents. This study aims to legally analyze the implementation of land acquisition for public interest in Bekasi Regency and the extent to which current regulations can provide legal protection for community rights. The research method used is normative juridical with a literature review approach. Data were sourced from laws and regulations, scientific journals, books, and court decisions relevant to land acquisition and human rights. The results show that although regulations such as Law No. 2/2012 and Law No. 6/2023 (Job Creation) have systematically regulated the stages of land acquisition, legal loopholes are still found in practice within Bekasi Regency. The main issues revolve around inequality in the deliberation process for determining compensation value and the lack of participatory community involvement from the planning stage. Both preventive and repressive legal protections for the community are not yet fully optimal due to the dominance of development interests. The protection of community rights in land acquisition in Bekasi Regency still requires strengthening the principles of fair compensation and transparency. The local government needs to improve its supervisory function and provide an independent mediation space so that infrastructure development does not sacrifice citizens' constitutional rights.
Keywords:Land Acquisition, Public Interest, Legal Protection, Community Rights, Bekasi Regency.
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Copyright (c) 2026 Muh Adi Firmansyah, Zainal Said, Muh Tri Muammar, Akbar, Hendri Gunawan

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