DISPARITAS PUTUSAN IJĀRAH AL-MUNTAHIYAH BI AL-TAMLĪK DI PENGADILAN AGAMA JAKARTA PUSAT
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.24252/iqtishaduna.v7i4.68705Abstract
Abstrak
Penelitian ini mengkaji disparitas putusan dalam perkara IMBT di Pengadilan Agama Jakarta Pusat, dengan objek studi Putusan Nomor 731/Pdt.G/2019/PA.JP dan Putusan Nomor 1222/Pdt.G/2019/PA.JP. Kedua perkara tersebut memiliki struktur akad dan fakta hukum yang serupa, namun menghasilkan amar dan pertimbangan hukum yang berbeda secara signifikan. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui penyebab terjadinya disparitas putusan dalam perkara IMBT serta mengevaluasi pendekatan interpretasi hukum yang digunakan oleh masing-masing hakim. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode yuridis normatif dengan pendekatan perbandingan putusan (comparative case analysis). Sumber data meliputi putusan pengadilan, fatwa DSN-MUI, KHES, peraturan perundang-undangan, dan literatur hukum ekonomi syariah, yang dianalisis secara kualitatif dan ditafsirkan secara deduktif dengan menggunakan teori interpretasi hukum dan teori efektivitas hukum sebagai pisau analisis. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa disparitas putusan disebabkan oleh perbedaan pendekatan interpretasi hukum yang digunakan oleh masing-masing majelis hakim. Putusan No. 731 menggunakan pendekatan substantif dan integratif dengan mengacu pada norma syariah sebagai dasar pertimbangan untuk melindungi hak lembaga keuangan syariah melalui dikabulkannya sita jaminan. Sebaliknya, Putusan No. 1222 menampilkan pendekatan prosedural dan formalistik, yang lebih menekankan kehati-hatian terhadap status kepemilikan objek jaminan, sehingga sita ditolak meskipun wanprestasi terbukti.
Kata Kunci: Ijārah Al-Muntahiyah Bi Al-Tamlīk (IMBT), Disparitas Putusan pengadilan agama
Abstract
This study examines judicial disparity in cases of Ijārah al-Muntahiyah bi al-Tamlīk (IMBT) at the Central Jakarta Religious Court, focusing on Decision Number 731/Pdt.G/2019/PA.JP and Decision Number 1222/Pdt.G/2019/PA.JP. Both cases share similar contractual structures and legal facts; however, they resulted in significantly different rulings and legal reasoning. The objective of this study is to identify the factors causing such judicial disparity in IMBT cases and to evaluate the legal interpretative approaches employed by the respective judges. This research adopts a normative juridical method with a comparative case analysis approach. The data sources include court decisions, DSN-MUI fatwas, the Compilation of Sharia Economic Law (KHES), statutory regulations, and relevant literature on Islamic economic law. These materials are analyzed qualitatively and interpreted deductively using theories of legal interpretation and legal effectiveness as analytical frameworks. The findings reveal that the disparity in judicial decisions is primarily caused by differences in the legal interpretative approaches applied by the judicial panels. Decision No. 731 employs a substantive and integrative approach, referring to sharia norms as the basis for legal reasoning in order to protect the rights of Islamic financial institutions, as reflected in the granting of provisional seizure. In contrast, Decision No. 1222 adopts a procedural and formalistic approach, placing greater emphasis on the legal certainty of ownership status over the collateral object, thereby rejecting the seizure request despite the proven default.
Keywords: Ijārah al-Muntahiyah bi al-Tamlīk (IMBT), Judicial Disparity, Religious Court Decisions
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Copyright (c) 2026 Mohammad Jefri, Muhammad Aenurrofiq

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