ANALISIS YURIDIS AKTIVITAS PERTAMBANGAN DITINJAU BERDASARKAN HUKUM PERTAMBANGAN DAN HUKUM LINGKUNGAN DALAM PENGELOLAAN SUMBER DAYA ALAM YANG BERKELANJUTAN
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.24252/iqtishaduna.v7i4.68806Abstract
Abstrak
Aktivitas pertambangan yaitu suatu sektor strategis dengan memiliki kontribusi besar kepada pembangunan ekonomi nasional melalui pemanfaatan sumber daya mineral dan batubara. Di balik kontribusi tersebut, kegiatan pertambangan juga menimbulkan berbagai persoalan lingkungan seperti pencemaran air, kerusakan lahan, deforestasi, serta konflik sosial yang berdampak pada keberlanjutan ekosistem dan kehidupan masyarakat. Penelitian ini memiliki tujuan melakukan analisis hubungan yang ada diantara hukum pertambangan lalu juga hukum lingkungan pada mengelola SDA ataupun dikenal dengan "sumber daya alam" dengan berkesinambungan, serta mengkaji mekanisme pengendalian pencemaran lingkungan akibat aktivitas pertambangan. Metode penelitian yang dipakai yaitu yuridis normatif melalui adanya pendekatan yang berupa perundang-undangan lalu juga pendekatan konseptual melalui studi kepustakaan. Dalam memperoleh data penelitiannya yaitu melalui materi hukum primer kemudian yang sekunder, serta tersier yang analisisnya dilakukan dengan kuantitatif dan sistematis. Hasil dari penelitiannya menampilkan bahwasanya secara normatif pengaturan hukum pertambangan dan hukum lingkungan telah membentuk konstruksi hukum yang cukup komprehensif melalui kewajiban Persetujuan Lingkungan, AMDAL, reklamasi, serta pengelolaan limbah B3. Akan tetapi, implementasinya tetap menghadapi beragam rintangan, misalnya yaitu kurang kuatnya pengawasan, kemudian inkonsistensi penegakan hukumnya, dominasi kepentingan investasi, serta minimnya partisipasi masyarakat. Kondisi tersebut menunjukkan bahwa pengelolaan sumber daya alam berkelanjutan belum sepenuhnya terwujud secara substantif, sehingga diperlukan penguatan pengawasan, koordinasi antarlembaga, dan komitmen penegakan hukum dengan lebih efektif.
Kata Kunci: Hukum Lingkungan; Keberlanjutan Sumber Daya Alam; Pertambangan.
Abstract
Mining activities are a strategic sector that contributes significantly to national economic development through the utilization of mineral and coal resources. Despite these contributions, mining activities also give rise to various environmental problems such as water pollution, land degradation, deforestation, and social conflicts that affect the sustainability of ecosystems and community life. This study aims to analyze the relationship between mining law and environmental law in sustainable natural resource management and to examine the mechanisms for controlling environmental pollution caused by mining activities. The research method used is normative juridical with statute and conceptual approaches through literature review. Research data were obtained from primary, secondary, and tertiary legal materials, which were analyzed qualitatively and systematically. The results indicate that normatively, the regulation of mining law and environmental law has formed a fairly comprehensive legal structure through the obligation of Environmental Approval, Environmental Impact Assessment (EIA), reclamation, and B3 waste management. However, its implementation still faces various obstacles, such as weak supervision, inconsistent law enforcement, the dominance of investment interests, and minimal community participation. This situation indicates that sustainable natural resource management has not yet been fully realized substantively, necessitating strengthened oversight, inter-institutional coordination, and a commitment to more effective law enforcement.
Keywords: Mining; Environmental Law; Natural Resource Sustainability.
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Copyright (c) 2026 Belicia Widhyana Yulia Putri, Mega Eriana Kriselda, Indah Maria Maddalena Simamora, Natasya, Meilika, Denis Syahputra, Mella Ismelina F. Rahayu

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