PENYALAHGUNAAN KLAIM ASURANSI OLEH KONSUMEN PADA USAHA OPTIK ANALISIS HUKUM PERDATA DAN HUKUM EKONOMI SYARIAH
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.24252/iqtishaduna.v7i4.72189Abstract
Abstrak
Penyalahgunaan klaim asuransi oleh konsumen pada usaha optik menjadi permasalahan hukum yang berdampak pada kerugian dua pihak sekaligus, yaitu perusahaan asuransi dan pelaku usaha optik. Praktik yang terjadi adalah konsumen melakukan transaksi di optik, menerima kwitansi sebagai alat klaim asuransi, tetapi tidak menyelesaikan pembayaran kepada optik, sehingga mencerminkan tidak adanya itikad baik. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis bentuk penyalahgunaan klaim asuransi oleh konsumen, tanggung jawab hukum konsumen, serta upaya preventif yang seharusnya dilakukan oleh pihak optik. Metode yang digunakan adalah penelitian normatif empiris dengan pendekatan kualitatif deskriptif. Data primer diperoleh melalui wawancara dan observasi kepada pada satu pelaku usaha optik yang dipilih secara purposive, sedangkan data sekunder bersumber dari Kitab Undang-Undang Hukum Perdata, Undang-undang perlindungan konsumen, Undang-Undang Hukum Dagang hukum yang mengatur penyalahgunaan asuransi serta konsep hukum ekonomi syariah . Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa tindakan konsumen tersebut memenuhi unsur penipuan apabila disengaja terhadap perusahaan asuransi dan optik yang terlibat dalam proses verifikasi klaim. Kesimpulannya, diperlukan tanggung jawab hukum konsumen berupa ganti rugi dan penguatan prosedur verifikasi klaim oleh optik untuk mencegah terulangnya peristiwa serupa.
Kata kunci: Penyalahgunaan Klaim Asuransi, I’tikad Baik, Tanggung Jawab Hukum, Usaha Optik
Abstract
Abuse of insurance claims by consumers in the optical business is a legal issue that results in losses for two parties simultaneously: the insurance company and the optical business owners. In practice, consumers conduct transactions at the optics, receive receipts as insurance claim tools, but do not complete payments to the optics, thereby reflecting a lack of good faith. This study aims to analyze the forms of insurance claim abuse by consumers, the legal liability of consumers, and the preventive measures that should be taken by the optical party. The method used is empirical normative research with a descriptive qualitative approach. Primary data were obtained through interviews and observations with one optical business owner selected purposively, while secondary data were sourced from the Civil Code, the Consumer Protection Law, laws regulating insurance abuse, and the concepts of Islamic economic law. The results of the study show that the consumer's action meets the elements of fraud if done intentionally against the insurance company and the optics involved in the claim verification process. In conclusion, consumer legal liability in the form of compensation and strengthening claim verification procedures by optics are required to prevent the recurrence of similar events.
Keywords: Insurance Claim Misuse;Utmost Good Faith; Legal Liability; Optical Business;
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