PERTANGGUNGJAWABAN PIDANA PELAKU POLITIK UANG PEMILU BERDASARKAN PASAL 523 UU 7/2017
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.24252/iqtishaduna.v7i1.60912Abstract
Abstrak
Penelitian ini mengkaji pertanggungjawaban pidana pelaku politik uang dalam pemilihan umum berdasarkan Pasal 523 Undang-Undang Nomor 7 Tahun 2017. Politik uang dipandang sebagai pelanggaran serius yang merusak integritas demokrasi dan mengabaikan prinsip pemilu yang luber serta jurdil. Tujuan kajian meliputi analisis unsur-unsur tindak pidana politik uang sesuai Pasal 523, bentuk pertanggungjawaban pidana, dan hambatan dalam penegakan hukum. Pendekatan yang digunakan ialah penelitian yuridis normatif dengan analisis perundang-undangan dan konsep hukum. Data dihimpun melalui studi kepustakaan atas peraturan, literatur, dan putusan pengadilan terkait. Hasil kajian menunjukkan Pasal 523 memuat sanksi pidana bagi pihak yang dengan sengaja memberi atau menjanjikan uang maupun materi lainnya kepada pemilih demi memengaruhi pilihan, baik pada masa kampanye, masa tenang, maupun hari pemungutan suara. Pemidanaan dapat dikenakan jika terpenuhi unsur kesengajaan, pemberian atau janji, serta tujuan memengaruhi pilihan pemilih. Penegakan hukum terkendala minimnya bukti, rendahnya kesadaran hukum, dan intervensi politik. Penelitian merekomendasikan peningkatan pengawasan, edukasi politik, dan koordinasi antar-lembaga guna mengurangi praktik politik uang dalam proses pemilu.
Kata Kunci: Pertanggungjawaban Pidana, Politik Uang, Pemilihan Umum, Penegakan Hukum
Abstract
This study examines the criminal liability of perpetrators of money politics in general elections based on Article 523 of Law Number 7 of 2017. Money politics is considered a serious violation that undermines the integrity of democracy and disregards the principles of free, fair, and honest elections. The objectives of the study include analyzing the elements of political money crimes under Article 523, forms of criminal liability, and obstacles in law enforcement. The approach used is normative legal research with analysis of legislation and legal concepts. Data was collected through a literature review of regulations, literature, and court decisions related to the topic. The study results show that Article 523 imposes criminal sanctions on parties who intentionally give or promise money or other material benefits to voters to influence their choices, whether during the campaign period, the quiet period, or on election day. Criminal penalties may be imposed if the elements of intent, giving or promising, and the purpose of influencing voters' choices are met. Law enforcement is hampered by a lack of evidence, low legal awareness, and political interference. The study recommends increased oversight, political education, and inter-agency coordination to reduce money politics in the electoral process.
Keywords: Criminal Liability, Money Politics, General Elections, Law Enforcement
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Copyright (c) 2025 Nazil Mahazil, Ismail Marzuki

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