TINJAUAN HUKUM PERJANJIAN JUAL BELI KENDARAAN RODA EMPAT PADA SHOWROOM RS. PANASAE

Abstrak

Abstrak

Penelitian ini membahas tinjauan hukum terhadap pelaksanaan perjanjian jual beli kendaraan roda empat pada Showroom RS. Panasae dengan fokus pada pelaksanaan perjanjian dan akibat hukum yang timbul apabila salah satu pihak tidak memenuhi kewajibannya. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan yuridis-empiris, dengan data primer diperoleh melalui wawancara dengan pihak showroom dan konsumen, serta data sekunder dari peraturan perundang-undangan, literatur, dan dokumen hukum terkait. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa pelaksanaan perjanjian jual beli kendaraan pada Showroom RS. Panasae masih didominasi oleh klausula baku yang ditetapkan secara sepihak oleh pihak showroom. Kondisi tersebut mengakibatkan ketidakseimbangan posisi hukum antara penjual dan pembeli, di mana pembeli menanggung seluruh risiko atas objek perjanjian, termasuk kerusakan atau kehilangan kendaraan sebelum pelunasan angsuran. Meskipun praktik tersebut sah berdasarkan asas kebebasan berkontrak dalam Pasal 1338 KUH Perdata, namun penerapannya tidak sepenuhnya mencerminkan asas keadilan, kepastian, dan kepatutan hukum. Penelitian ini merekomendasikan perlunya pengaturan hukum khusus mengenai perjanjian jual beli kendaraan bermotor untuk memberikan perlindungan hukum yang seimbang bagi para pihak dan menjamin pelaksanaan perjanjian sesuai dengan prinsip keadilan sosial dalam sistem hukum nasional.

Kata Kunci: Perjanjian jual beli, sewa beli, kebebasan berkontrak, risiko hukum, keadilan.

Abstract

This study examines the legal aspects of the sale and purchase agreement for four-wheeled vehicles at RS. Panasae Showroom, focusing on the implementation of the agreement and the legal consequences arising when one of the parties fails to fulfill their obligations. The research employs a juridical-empirical approach, utilizing primary data obtained through interviews with showroom representatives and consumers, as well as secondary data sourced from legislation, legal literature, and relevant documents. The findings reveal that the implementation of vehicle sale and purchase agreements at RS. Panasae Showroom is predominantly governed by standard clauses unilaterally determined by the showroom. This condition results in a legal imbalance between seller and buyer, where the buyer bears all risks related to the object of the agreement, including damage or loss of the vehicle before full payment is made. Although such practice is permitted under the principle of freedom of contract as stipulated in Article 1338 of the Indonesian Civil Code, its application does not fully embody the principles of justice, fairness, and legal certainty. This study recommends the establishment of specific legal regulations governing vehicle sale and purchase agreements to ensure a balanced legal protection for both parties and to promote the realization of social justice within Indonesia’s legal system.

Keywords: Sale and purchase agreement, hire purchase, freedom of contract, legal risk, justice.