TINJAUAN HUKUM PIDANA ISLAM TERHADAP PENERAPAN RESTORATIVE JUSTICE DALAM TINDAK PIDANA PENGANIAYAAN RINGAN
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.24252/iqtishaduna.v7i2.65196Abstrak
Abstrak
Keadilan restoratif telah menjadi alternatif dalam penanganan tindak pidana penganiayaan ringan di Indonesia, khususnya di institusi seperti kepolisian dan kejaksaan. Studi empiris menunjukkan bahwa mekanisme ini pada umumnya melibatkan mediasi antara pelaku, korban, dan tokoh masyarakat melalui forum seperti Rumah Restorative Justice, serta menawarkan keadilan yang lebih manusiawi dibandingkan proses litigasi formal. Di sisi hukum Islam, konsep ini sejalan dengan prinsip al‑‘afwu (pemaafan), al‑islah (perdamaian), dan diyat (kompensasi) sebagai bentuk restorative justice sejak sejarah awal syariah. Namun, implementasi di lapangan masih terkendala oleh ketidakjelasan standar biaya dan durasi mediasi. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis kesesuaian restorative justice dalam penganiayaan ringan dengan hukum pidana Islam, mengidentifikasi tantangan, serta merumuskan rekomendasi normatif agar praktik tersebut lebih adil, konsisten, dan sesuai koridor syariah. Menggunakan metode yuridis-normatif dan studi kasus, hasil studi ini menunjukkan bahwa restorative justice modern memiliki basis teologis yang kuat dalam Islam dan memberikan peluang untuk integrasi yang harmonis dalam sistem hukum nasional.
Kata kunci: keadilan restoratif; hukum pidana Islam; penganiayaan ringan; al-‘afwu; diyat.
Abstract
Restorative justice has emerged as an alternative approach to handling minor assault cases in Indonesia, particularly within police and prosecutor institutions. Empirical studies indicate that this mechanism typically involves mediation among the perpetrator, victim, and community figures via platforms such as Restorative Justice Houses, offering a more humane form of justice compared to formal litigation. From the perspective of Islamic criminal law, this approach aligns with the principles of al-‘afwu (forgiveness), al-islah (reconciliation), and diyat (compensation) as core elements of restorative justice since the early era of Sharia. However, practical implementation faces obstacles such as unclear compensation standards and limited mediation duration. This study aims to analyze the compatibility of restorative justice in minor assault cases with Islamic criminal law, identify challenges, and formulate normative recommendations to ensure a more equitable, consistent practice within the framework of Sharia. Through a combined normative legal and case-based methodology, the findings indicate that modern restorative justice is grounded in Islamic theological principles and presents a promising avenue for harmonious integration within the national legal system.
Keywords: restorative justice; Islamic criminal law; minor assault; al-‘afwu; diyat.
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Hak Cipta (c) 2025 Umar Laila, Kurniati, Zulhas’Ari Mustafa

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