EFISIENSI PKPU SEBAGAI INSTRUMEN RESTRUKTURISASI UTANG: ANALISIS NORMATIF TERHADAP KEPASTIAN HUKUM, MORAL HAZARD, DAN PERLINDUNGAN DEBITUR BERITIKAD BAIK DI PT. PINUS MERAH ABADI BRANCH PAREPARE
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.24252/iqtishaduna.v7i4.69038Abstrak
Abstrak
Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis efisiensi Penundaan Kewajiban Pembayaran Utang (PKPU) sebagai instrumen restrukturisasi utang melalui kajian normatif terhadap kepastian hukum, moral hazard, dan perlindungan debitur beritikad baik pada PT. Pinus Merah Abadi Branch Parepare. Penelitian menggunakan metode penelitian hukum normatif dengan pendekatan peraturan perundang-undangan, konseptual, dan doktrinal melalui pengkajian terhadap Undang-Undang Nomor 37 Tahun 2004 tentang Kepailitan dan PKPU, literatur hukum, serta berbagai doktrin dan pendapat ahli terkait kepailitan dan restrukturisasi utang. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa PKPU pada dasarnya merupakan instrumen hukum yang efektif dalam memberikan kesempatan kepada debitur untuk melakukan restrukturisasi utang dan mempertahankan kelangsungan usaha. Namun demikian, dalam pelaksanaannya masih terdapat berbagai persoalan, terutama terkait ketidakpastian hukum dalam penilaian itikad baik debitur, keterbatasan waktu penyelesaian PKPU, serta potensi terjadinya moral hazard oleh debitur maupun kreditur. Perlindungan hukum terhadap debitur beritikad baik menjadi aspek penting agar mekanisme PKPU tidak hanya mengutamakan kepentingan kreditur, tetapi juga memberikan ruang pemulihan yang adil bagi debitur yang benar-benar mengalami kesulitan keuangan. Oleh karena itu, diperlukan penguatan regulasi, peningkatan pengawasan, dan penyempurnaan mekanisme penegakan hukum guna menciptakan sistem PKPU yang lebih efektif, berkeadilan, dan memberikan kepastian hukum bagi seluruh pihak.
Kata Kunci: PKPU, restrukturisasi utang, kepastian hukum, moral hazard, debitur beritikad baik.
Abstract
This study aims to analyze the efficiency of Suspension of Debt Payment Obligations (PKPU) as a debt restructuring instrument through a normative analysis of legal certainty, moral hazard, and legal protection for good faith debtors at PT. Pinus Merah Abadi Branch Parepare. This research employs normative legal research methods using statutory, conceptual, and doctrinal approaches by examining Law Number 37 of 2004 concerning Bankruptcy and Suspension of Debt Payment Obligations, legal literature, as well as doctrines and expert opinions related to bankruptcy and debt restructuring. The results indicate that PKPU fundamentally serves as an effective legal instrument in providing debtors with opportunities to restructure debts and maintain business continuity. However, its implementation still faces several issues, particularly regarding legal uncertainty in assessing debtor good faith, limitations in the PKPU settlement period, and the potential occurrence of moral hazard by both debtors and creditors. Legal protection for good faith debtors is an essential aspect to ensure that the PKPU mechanism does not solely prioritize creditors’ interests but also provides a fair recovery space for debtors genuinely experiencing financial difficulties. Therefore, strengthening regulations, enhancing supervision, and improving law enforcement mechanisms are necessary to establish a more effective, equitable, and legally certain PKPU system for all parties involved.
Keywords: PKPU, debt restructuring, legal certainty, moral hazard, good faith debtor.
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Hak Cipta (c) 2026 Sofian Irwansyah, Zainal Said, Zulfikar Ikhsan, Muh. Nur Azhar Sikrullah

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