PERAN HUKUM WARIS ISLAM DALAM MEWUJUDKAN KEADILAN EKONOMI
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.24252/iqtishaduna.v7i4.69527Abstract
AbstrakHukum waris Islam merupakan sistem pembagian harta yang berlandaskan pada prinsip keadilan sebagaimana ditetapkan dalam syariat. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengkaji peran hukum waris Islam dalam mewujudkan keadilan ekonomi. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode penelitian pustaka (library research) dengan mengkaji berbagai sumber literatur, seperti Al-Qur’an, hadis, buku, jurnal ilmiah, dan peraturan perundang-undangan yang berkaitan dengan hukum kewarisan Islam. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa hukum waris Islam memiliki peran yang sangat penting dalam mewujudkan keadilan ekonomi melalui sistem pembagian harta yang berlandaskan ketentuan syariat. Keadilan dalam hukum waris Islam tidak dipahami sebagai kesamaan bagian antar ahli waris, melainkan sebagai distribusi hak yang proporsional berdasarkan hubungan kekerabatan, kedudukan, serta tanggung jawab masing-masing ahli waris. Melalui ketentuan faraid yang bersifat pasti dan rinci, harta peninggalan dapat dibagikan secara adil kepada seluruh pihak yang berhak, sehingga tidak terjadi penumpukan kekayaan pada individu tertentu dan tercipta pemerataan ekonomi dalam keluarga. Selain itu, hukum waris Islam juga terbukti berperan dalam menjaga ketertiban sosial.
Kata Kunci: Hukum Waris, Keadilan, Ekonomi
Abstract
Islamic inheritance law is a system of property distribution based on the principles of justice as stipulated in Sharia. This study aims to examine the role of Islamic inheritance law in realizing economic justice. This study uses a library research method by reviewing various literary sources, such as the Qur'an, Hadith, books, scientific journals, and laws and regulations related to Islamic inheritance law. The results of this study indicate that Islamic inheritance law plays a very important role in realizing economic justice through a system of property distribution based on Sharia provisions. Justice in Islamic inheritance law is not understood as equality of shares among heirs, but rather as a proportional distribution of rights based on kinship relationships, status, and responsibilities of each heir. Through the definite and detailed provisions of faraid, inheritance can be distributed fairly to all entitled parties, thus preventing the accumulation of wealth in certain individuals and creating economic equality within the family. Furthermore, Islamic inheritance law has also been proven to play a role in maintaining social order.
Keywords: Inheritance Law, Justice, Economics
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