PEMAHAMAN MAHASISWA EKONOMI SYARIAH TERHADAP PENERAPAN AKAD MUDHARABAH DALAM MATA KULIAH FIQH MUAMALAH

Abstrak

Abstrak

Penelitian ini dilatarbelakangi oleh pentingnya pemahaman mahasiswa Ekonomi Syariah terhadap penerapan akad mudharabah sebagai salah satu akad utama dalam sistem ekonomi Islam. Meskipun mahasiswa telah memperoleh materi fiqh muamalah dalam perkuliahan, masih terdapat kesenjangan antara pemahaman teoritis dan kemampuan mengaplikasikan konsep akad mudharabah dalam praktik ekonomi syariah. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui tingkat pemahaman mahasiswa terhadap fiqh muamalah dan akad mudharabah serta menganalisis pengaruh pemahaman mahasiswa terhadap pemahaman akad mudharabah. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan kuantitatif dengan metode survei. Populasi penelitian adalah mahasiswa Program Studi Ekonomi Syariah angkatan 2022 Fakultas Ekonomi dan Bisnis Islam UIN Fatmawati Sukarno Bengkulu. Pengumpulan data dilakukan melalui penyebaran kuesioner, kemudian dianalisis menggunakan statistik deskriptif, uji validitas, uji reliabilitas, uji asumsi klasik, regresi linear sederhana, uji t, dan koefisien determinasi (R²) dengan bantuan program SPSS. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa tingkat pemahaman mahasiswa terhadap fiqh muamalah berada pada kategori tinggi dengan persentase sebesar 77,80%, sedangkan tingkat pemahaman terhadap akad mudharabah juga berada pada kategori tinggi dengan persentase sebesar 77,45%. Hasil uji hipotesis menunjukkan nilai t hitung sebesar 15,461 lebih besar daripada t tabel sebesar 1,656 dengan nilai signifikansi 0,001 < 0,05. Hasil tersebut membuktikan bahwa pemahaman mahasiswa berpengaruh positif dan signifikan terhadap pemahaman akad mudharabah. Selanjutnya, hasil uji koefisien determinasi (R²) sebesar 0,641 menunjukkan bahwa pemahaman mahasiswa memberikan kontribusi pengaruh sebesar 64,1% terhadap pemahaman akad mudharabah, sedangkan 35,9% dipengaruhi oleh faktor lain di luar penelitian. Dengan demikian, semakin tinggi pemahaman mahasiswa terhadap fiqh muamalah, maka semakin baik pula pemahaman mereka terhadap akad mudharabah dalam teori maupun praktik ekonomi Syariah.

Kata Kunci: Pemahaman Mahasiswa, Fiqh Muamalah, Akad Mudharabah, Ekonomi Syariah.

Abstract

This study was motivated by the importance of Islamic Economics students’ understanding of the implementation of mudharabah contracts as one of the main contracts in the Islamic economic system. Although students have studied fiqh muamalah in their academic courses, there is still a gap between theoretical understanding and the ability to apply mudharabah concepts in Islamic economic practices. This study aims to determine the level of students’ understanding of fiqh muamalah and mudharabah contracts and to analyze the effect of students’ understanding on their comprehension of mudharabah contracts. This study employed a quantitative approach using a survey method. The population consisted of students from the Islamic Economics Study Program, class of 2022, Faculty of Islamic Economics and Business, Fatmawati Sukarno State Islamic University of Bengkulu. Data were collected through questionnaires and analyzed using descriptive statistics, validity tests, reliability tests, classical assumption tests, simple linear regression, t-tests, and coefficient of determination (R²) with SPSS software. The results showed that students’ understanding of fiqh muamalah was in the high category with a percentage of 77.80%, while their understanding of mudharabah contracts was also in the high category with a percentage of 77.45%. The hypothesis test showed that the calculated t-value was 15.461, which was greater than the t-table value of 1.656, with a significance value of 0.001 < 0.05. These findings indicate that students’ understanding has a positive and significant effect on their understanding of mudharabah contracts. Furthermore, the coefficient of determination (R²) value of 0.641 indicates that students’ understanding contributes 64.1% to their understanding of mudharabah contracts, while the remaining 35.9% is influenced by other factors outside the study. Therefore, the higher the students’ understanding of fiqh muamalah, the better their understanding of mudharabah contracts in both theory and practice of Islamic economics

Keywords: Students’ Understanding, Fiqh Muamalah, Mudharabah Contract, Islamic Economics.