TINJAUAN HUKUM EKONOMI SYARIAH TERHADAP PENGELOLAAN DAN DISTRIBUSI ZAKAT, INFAK, DAN SEDEKAH
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.24252/iqtishaduna.v7i4.71590Abstrak
Abstrak
Islam sebagai agama yang sempurna mengatur seluruh aspek kehidupan manusia, tidak hanya dalam bidang ibadah, tetapi dalam aktivitas sosial dan ekonomi. Zakat, infak, dan sedekah merupakan instrumen penting dalam sistem ekonomi Islam yang memiliki peran strategis dalam mengurangi kesenjangan sosial dan meningkatkan kesejahteraan umat. Infak dan sedekah melengkapi peran zakat sebagai bentuk kepedulian sosial yang dapat dilakukan secara fleksibel sesuai kemampuan individu. Metode penelitian yang digunakan dalam adalah penelitian ini adalah kepustakaan (library research) dengan pendekatan deskriptif kualitatif. Sumber data dalam penelitian ini terdiri dari bahan hukum primer, sekunder. Bahan hukum primer meliputi Al-Qur’an, hadis, serta peraturan perundang-undangan dan fatwa yang berkaitan dengan pengelolaan zakat. Hukum ekonomi syariah menempatkan ZIS (zakat, infak, dan sedekah) sebagai instrumen penting dalam mewujudkan keadilan sosial dan kesejahteraan umat. Secara konseptual, ZIS berlandaskan prinsip keadilan, transparansi, dan akuntabilitas. Konstruksi pengelolaannya melibatkan lembaga amil yang profesional, sedangkan implementasinya diarahkan pada distribusi yang tepat sasaran guna meningkatkan pemberdayaan ekonomi masyarakat secara berkelanjutan.Konstruksi hukum pengelolaan dan distribusi zakat, infak, dan sedekah dalam perspektif hukum ekonomi syariah menegaskan bahwa pengelolaan dana ZIS harus dilaksanakan secara sistematis, transparan, dan akuntabel dengan berlandaskan prinsip-prinsip syariah seperti keadilan, kemaslahatan, serta kepatuhan terhadap ketentuan fiqih. Sehingga tujuan sosial-ekonomi berupa pemerataan kesejahteraan dan pemberdayaan umat dapat tercapai secara optimal.
Kata Kunci: Hukum Ekonomi Syariah, Pengelolaan Zakat, Distribusi ZIS
Abstract
Islam, as a perfect religion, regulates all aspects of human life, not only in the field of worship, but also in social and economic activities. Zakat, infaq, and sedekah are important instruments in the Islamic economic system that play a strategic role in reducing social inequality and improving the welfare of the people. Infaq and sedekah complement the role of zakat as a form of social concern that can be carried out flexibly according to individual capabilities. The research method used in this study is library research with a qualitative descriptive approach. Data sources in this study consist of primary and secondary legal materials. Primary legal materials include the Qur'an, hadith, as well as laws and regulations and fatwas related to zakat management. Sharia economic law places ZIS (zakat, infaq, and sedekah) as an important instrument in realizing social justice and the welfare of the people. Conceptually, ZIS is based on the principles of justice, transparency, and accountability. The management construction involves professional amil institutions, while its implementation is directed at targeted distribution in order to increase the economic empowerment of the community in a sustainable manner. The legal construction of the management and distribution of zakat, infaq, and alms in the perspective of Islamic economic law emphasizes that the management of ZIS funds must be carried out systematically, transparently, and accountably based on sharia principles such as justice, benefit, and compliance with fiqh provisions. So that the socio-economic goals of equalizing welfare and empowering the community can be achieved optimally.
Keywords:Sharia Economic Law, Zakat Management, ZIS Distribution
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Hak Cipta (c) 2026 Baso Muhammad Nibras Abiyyu, Rahmatul Qadri, Mukhtar Lutfi, Muhammad Fazlurrahman Syarif

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