ANALISIS YURIDIS PENGGUNAAN BODY WORN CAMERA (BWC) OLEH ANGGOTA POLRI SEBAGAI INSTRUMEN AKUNTABILITAS PENEGAKAN HUKUM
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.24252/iqtishaduna.v7i4.72186Abstrak
Abstrak
Penggunaan BWC di lingkungan Polri sesungguhnya telah bergulir sejak beberapa tahun terakhir. Berdasarkan Laporan Akhir Tahun Polri 2021, Komisi Kepolisian Nasional (Kompolnas) merekomendasikan agar anggota Polri dibekali dengan BWC guna memastikan akuntabilitas dan transparansi kinerja di lapangan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk Untuk mengetahui dan menganalisis pengaturan penggunaan body worn camera oleh anggota Polri dalam sistem hukum Indonesia pasca revisi Undang-Undang Kepolisian dan Kitab Undang-Undang Hukum Acara Pidana. Untuk mengetahui dan menganalisis mekanisme perlindungan data pribadi dan data biometrik atas rekaman body worn camera terhadap Kepolisian maupun masyarakat yang terekam dalam kerangka hukum Indonesia. Hasil penelitian menunjukan bahwa Pengaturan penggunaan body worn camera oleh anggota Polri pasca revisi UU Kepolisian dan UU KUHAP baru bersifat prinsip dan belum operasional, UU Kepolisian menempatkan BWC sebagai instrumen yang sifatnya fakultatif dapat didukung, sedangkan UU KUHAP hanya mewajibkan perekaman pada tahap pemeriksaan, bukan pada tahap tindakan represif lapangan yang justru paling rawan penyimpangan sehingga secara keseluruhan pengaturan ini masih memiliki derajat kepastian hukum yang rendah dan berpotensi menimbulkan ketimpangan perlindungan antarwilayah. Mekanisme perlindungan data pribadi dan data biometrik atas rekaman BWC saat ini hanya bertumpu pada UU PDP sebagai norma umum lintas sektor, tanpa norma sektoral yang menyesuaikannya dengan karakteristik data penegakan hukum; pengecualian kewajiban persetujuan bagi kepentingan penegakan hukum memang memberi dasar hukum bagi Polri untuk memproses rekaman, tetapi belum diikuti mekanisme yang jelas bagi masyarakat yang terekam secara insidental untuk mengetahui, mengakses, atau mengajukan keberatan atas data dirinya sehingga perlindungan yang ada masih timpang, lebih banyak menguntungkan institusi penegak hukum
Kata Kunci : Body Worn Camera; Polri; Penegakan Hukum.
Abstract
The use of Body Worn Cameras (BWC) within the Indonesian National Police (Polri) has actually been developing over the past several years. Based on Polri's 2021 Annual Report, the National Police Commission (Kompolnas) recommended that Polri officers be equipped with BWCs to ensure accountability and transparency in field performance. This study aims to identify and analyze the regulation of body worn camera use by Polri officers within the Indonesian legal system following the revision of the Police Law and the Criminal Procedure Code (KUHAP). It also aims to identify and analyze the mechanisms for protecting personal data and biometric data from body worn camera recordings, concerning both the Police and the members of the public captured in them, within the framework of Indonesian law. The research results show that the regulation of body worn camera use by Polri officers following the revision of the Police Law and the KUHAP remains principle-based and has not yet become operational. The Police Law positions the BWC as a facultative instrument that may be supported, while the KUHAP only requires recording during the examination stage, not during field enforcement actions—which are in fact the stage most prone to abuse. As a result, this regulatory framework still exhibits a low degree of legal certainty and has the potential to create disparities in protection across regions. The mechanism for protecting personal and biometric data from BWC recordings currently relies solely on the Personal Data Protection Law (UU PDP) as a general, cross-sectoral norm, without sector-specific provisions tailored to the characteristics of law enforcement data. The exemption from the consent requirement for law enforcement purposes does provide a legal basis for the Police to process recordings, but it has not been accompanied by clear mechanisms for individuals incidentally recorded to know about, access, or object to their own data. As a result, the existing protection remains imbalanced, benefiting law enforcement institutions more than the individuals recorded.
Keywords: Body Worn Camera; Indonesian National Police (Polri); Law Enforcement.
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Hak Cipta (c) 2026 Dian Eka Kusuma Wardani, Sri Handayani, Arham

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