THE ATTITUDE OF PRACTITIONERS OF THE KHALWATIYAH SHAYKH YUSUF AL-MAKASSARI ORDER TOWARD THE DHIKR OF LĀ ILĀHA ILLALLĀH IN RATIB AL-‘AṬṬĀṢ (A LIVING QUR’AN STUDY)

Abstract

This study explores how followers of the Khalwatiyah Order of Syekh Yusuf al-Makassari perceive the dhikr Lā Ilāha Illallāh within the Ratib al-Aṭṭaṣ ritual. To unpack this, the research looks into three main areas: how the dhikr is understood, how it is practiced, and the core attitudes of the practitioners themselves. Methodologically, this is a qualitative field research that blends phenomenology, social psychology, and a Living Qur’an approach. Data was gathered through direct observation, interviews, and documentation before being analyzed qualitatively. The findings reveal that the practitioners view Lā Ilāha Illallāh as a foundational practice to deepen their tawhid and heighten spiritual awareness. Under the direct guidance of a mursyid, this dhikr is performed regularly, both in groups and individually. From a Living Qur’an perspective, the community actively internalizes and contextualizes these sacred verses; their devotion is deeply tied to the belief that the dhikr brings blessings and fends off misfortunes. Because they believe that destiny and sustenance rest entirely with Allah, this lived relationship with the text ultimately nurtures a deep sense of tawakkul, inner tranquility, and a highly religious lifestyle. In the end, this study offers fresh academic insights into Living Qur’an studies, showing how sacred verses are actively lived out within Sufi orders to shape community spirituality.