Konflik Simbolis dan Pembentukan Negara Kolonial: Memikirkan Kembali Transisi Britania Raya-Belanda di Sulawesi Selatan 1811-1824
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.24252/rihlah.v14i01.66490Keywords:
British-Ducth Transition, Colonial State Formation, Symbolic Confict, Political Legitimacy South SulawesiAbstract
This study analyzes the British-Dutch power transition (1811–1824) in South Sulawesi, arguing that this period was a critical phase in the formation of the modern colonial state rather than merely a historical interlude. Employing a critical historical method with an interdisciplinary political-anthropological approach, the study analyzes colonial archival data and Lontara manuscripts using “thick description” to interpret the symbolic contestation over sacred regalia Kalompoang. The findings reveal that the British arrival triggered a multidimensional conflict with the Kingdom of Bone regarding the legitimacy of the Sudang sword-a conflict the British failed to win due to guerrilla warfare, economic blockades, and resource constraints. The Dutch inherited this latent conflict and subsequently launched the Nieuwe Organisatie (New Organization) and the 1824 revision of the Treaty of Bongaya as systematic efforts to establish a colonial bureaucratic infrastructure. Theoretically, the study demonstrates that this transition period acted as a catalyst, transforming the contractual model of the VOC era into a centralized colonial state. Practically, the study reconstructs regional historiography by showing that the pattern of colonialism in Eastern Indonesia was profoundly shaped by the dynamic interplay of local political agency, symbolic conflict, and colonial regime changes during that formative era.
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