Melampaui Paksaan: Kekuatan Lokal, Jaringan Elit, dan Konsolidasi Islam di Kerajaan Bone 1611–1714
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.24252/rihlah.v14i01.67797Keywords:
Elite Networks, Islamization, Local Agency, Negotiated Consolidation, PangngaderengAbstract
This article examines the Islamization of the pre-colonial Bone Kingdom in South Sulawesi (1611-1714) through the analytical lenses of local agency theory and elite network theory. Employing historical-critical, sociological, and hermeneutical approaches, this study challenges the historiographical assumption that Islam was imposed primarily through the musu selleng (1611), arguing that the consolidation of Islam in Bone was equally shaped by five intersecting internal vectors: (1) the To Manurung cosmology as a structural bridge for elite conversion; (2) Queen We Tenri Tuppu’s voluntary adoption of Islam as an act of female political agency; (3) the ade pitue council’s paradoxical role as both obstacle and facilitator of Islamization; (4) Sultan La Maddaremmeng’s Qur’anically-grounded abolition of slavery as early Islamic social reform; and (5) transnational ulama networks that institutionalized Islamic governance through the parewa sara’ system. Drawing on Lontara manuscripts, the article proposes ‘negotiated consolidation’ as an analytical category occupying the space between coercive imposition and voluntary conversion. The findings have implications for comparative studies of pre-colonial Islamization across maritime Southeast Asia.
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Lampiran: Deskripsi Manuskrip Lontara Yang Digunakan:
1. Nama Manuskrip: Lontara Akkarungeng ri Bone, Lokasi/Sumber: Arsip Nasional RI Makassar, Rol 5 No. 8, Bahasa/Aksara: Bugis/Lontara (Kronik Kerajaan Bone; sumber primer utama sejarah politik dan islamisasi Bone abad ke-17).
2. Nama Manuskrip: Lontara Attoriolong, Lokasi/Sumber: Salinan B.F. Matthes dalam Boeginesche Chrestomathie, Vol. III (1919), Bahasa/Aksara: Bugis/Lontara (Kronik Para Leluhur; memuat narasi genealogi, keputusan dewan ade pitue, dan kronologi islamisasi
3. Nama Manuskrip: Lontara Latoa, Lokasi/Sumber: Salinan B.F. Matthes dalam Boeginesche Chrestomathie, Vol. II (1872), Bahasa/Aksara: Bugis/Lontara (Teks tata kelola adat (pangngadereng); membuat formulasi integrasi sara’ ke dalam sistem adat Bugis).
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