Marginalized Groups in the Qur‘an: A Thematic Study of the Divine Perspective of Social Justice
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.24252/jad.v25i2a14Keywords:
Marginalized Groups, Qur‘anic Empowerment, Strategies, Social Inclusion, Qur'anic Social Justice, Thematic InterpretationAbstract
This study examines the Qur‘an's view of marginalized groups through a thematic interpretation approach (tafsīr mawḍū'ī). This study compiles and analyzes verses related to vulnerable groups, including people with low incomes, orphans, enslaved people, travelers, and the oppressed (mustadh’afin). This study not only traces their mention in the Qur‘an but also examines the conceptual framework and practical instruments offered by divine revelation to ensure justice and social protection. In the current context, these verses are highly relevant in addressing various contemporary social issues, such as structural poverty, unequal access, and exploitation. Emphasis is placed on Qur‘anic instruments of social justice such as zakat, the liberation of enslaved people, and legal protection for orphans. Thus, these findings confirm that the teachings of the Qur‘an comprehensively integrate spiritual, ethical, and social dimensions in responding to the problems faced by marginalized groups throughout every era.
الملخص
تتناول هذه الدراسة نظرة القرآن الكريم إلى الفئات المهمشة من خلال نهج التفسير الموضوعي (التفسير الموضوعي). وتجمع الدراسة وتحلل الآيات المتعلقة بالفئات الضعيفة مثل الفقراء والمساكين والأيتام والعبيد والمسافرين والمستضعفين. لا يقتصر هذا البحث على تتبع ذكرهم في القرآن، بل يتعمق في دراسة الإطار المفاهيمي والأدوات العملية التي يقدمها الوحي الإلهي لضمان العدالة والحماية الاجتماعية. في السياق المعاصر، تكتسب هذه الآيات أهمية كبيرة في معالجة مختلف القضايا الاجتماعية المعاصرة مثل الفقر الهيكلي، والتفاوت في الوصول إلى الخدمات، والاستغلال. تم التركيز على أدوات العدالة الاجتماعية القرآنية مثل الزكاة وتحرير العبيد والحماية القانونية للأيتام. وبالتالي، تؤكد هذه النتائج أن تعاليم القرآن تجمع بين الأبعاد الروحية والأخلاقية والاجتماعية بشكل شامل في الاستجابة لمشاكل الفئات المهمشة في كل عصر.
Abstrak
Penelitian ini mengkaji pandangan al-Qur'an terhadap kelompok-kelompok terpinggirkan melalui pendekatan tafsir tematik (tafsir mawḍū'ī). Penelitian ini menghimpun dan menganalisis ayat-ayat yang berkaitan dengan kelompok rentan, termasuk fakir miskin, anak yatim, orang-orang yang diperbudak, musafir, dan kaum tertindas (mustadh’afin). Kajian ini tidak hanya menelusuri penyebutan mereka dalam al-Qur'an, tetapi juga mengkaji kerangka konseptual dan instrumen praktis yang ditawarkan oleh wahyu ilahi untuk menjamin keadilan dan perlindungan sosial. Dalam konteks saat ini, ayat-ayat ini sangat relevan dalam mengatasi berbagai permasalahan sosial kontemporer, seperti kemiskinan struktural, akses yang tidak merata, dan eksploitasi. Penekanan diberikan pada instrumen keadilan sosial al-Qur'an seperti zakat, pembebasan budak, dan perlindungan hukum bagi anak yatim. Dengan demikian, temuan-temuan ini menegaskan bahwa ajaran Al-Qur'an secara komprehensif mengintegrasikan dimensi spiritual, etika, dan sosial dalam menanggapi permasalahan yang dihadapi kelompok-kelompok terpinggirkan di setiap era.
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