Antibacterial Activity of Metroxylon sagu Rottb. Root Extracts and Fractions against Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA)

Authors

  • Najwi Hasani Universitas Muhammadiyah Banjarmasin
  • Daipadli Daipadli
  • Retna Eka Dewi
  • Nur Atika Rahmah
  • Raiza Ristiya Azzahra
  • Muhammad Ikhlas Arsul Universitas Islam Negeri Alauddin

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.24252/djps.v9i1.63623

Keywords:

Antibacterial, Metroxylon sagu root, MIC, disk diffusion, MRSA

Abstract

Introduction: The increasing resistance of Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) to multiple antibiotics has become a major challenge in infection management, underscoring the need to identify new antibacterial agents from natural sources. The roots of Metroxylon sagu Rottb. contain various secondary metabolites with potential biological activities. Aims: This study aimed to evaluate the antibacterial activity of the root extract and its fractions against MRSA and to determine their Minimum Inhibitory Concentration (MIC) values. Methods: Extraction was performed using Ultrasound-Assisted Extraction (UAE) with 96% ethanol, followed by liquid–liquid fractionation with n-hexane, ethyl acetate, and water. MIC values were determined using the microdilution method, and antibacterial activity was assessed using the disk diffusion method at concentrations of 1–10%. Result: The ethanol extract of sago roots (EEAR), the ethyl acetate fraction (FEAAR), and the aqueous fraction (FAAR) exhibited MIC values of 5 mg/mL, 1.25 mg/mL, and 2.5 mg/mL, respectively. The n-hexane fraction (Fn-HAR) showed no inhibitory activity. At a concentration of 10%, EEAR, FEAAR, and FAAR produced inhibition zones of 9.80 ± 0.07 mm, 10.84 ± 0.14 mm, and 10.06 ± 0.18 mm, respectively, while Fn-HAR produced none. Conclusion: The ethyl acetate fraction demonstrated the strongest antibacterial effect, supported by its lowest MIC value and largest inhibition zone, indicating that semipolar compounds may be responsible for the antibacterial activity. These findings suggest that M. sagu roots represent a promising natural source of antibacterial agents for inhibiting MRSA.

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Published

2026-06-30

How to Cite

Hasani, N., Daipadli, D., Dewi, R. E., Rahmah, N. A., Azzahra, R. R., & Arsul, M. I. (2026). Antibacterial Activity of Metroxylon sagu Rottb. Root Extracts and Fractions against Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA). Ad-Dawaa’ Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences, 9(1), 35–47. https://doi.org/10.24252/djps.v9i1.63623

Issue

Vol.9 No. 1 (2026)

Section

Artikel

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Copyright (c) 2026 Najwi Hasani, Daipadli Daipadli, Retna Eka Dewi, Nur Atika Rahmah, Raiza Ristiya Azzahra, Muhammad Ikhlas Arsul

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