Air Quality, Physical Housing Conditions, and Pulmonary Tuberculosis Risk in the Working Area of Tamalate Community Health Center, Makassar City
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.24252/alami.v10i2.68950Keywords:
Pulmonary Tuberculosis, Air Quality, Housing Conditions, Residential Density, Environmental HealthAbstract
Background: Pulmonary tuberculosis (TB) remains a major public health problem in Indonesia. Environmental factors, including indoor air quality and physical housing conditions, may contribute to the transmission of TB in residential settings.
Objective: This study aimed to analyze the risk factors of air quality and physical housing conditions associated with the incidence of pulmonary tuberculosis in the working area of the Tamalate Community Health Center, Makassar City.
Methods: An observational analytic study with a case-control design was conducted from October 2024 to April 2025. The study involved 72 households, consisting of 36 pulmonary TB cases and 36 controls selected through simple random sampling. The variables examined were airborne bacterial counts, temperature, humidity, lighting, residential density, and ventilation. Data were collected through direct measurements and observations using environmental health instruments and analyzed using multiple logistic regression.
Results: The study found that lighting (OR=5.091; 95% CI=1.487–17.534) and residential density (OR=4.086; 95% CI=1.518–11.000) were significant risk factors for pulmonary tuberculosis. Meanwhile, airborne bacterial counts, temperature, humidity, and ventilation were not significantly associated with pulmonary TB incidence.
Conclusion: Inadequate lighting and overcrowded housing increase the risk of pulmonary tuberculosis. Improving housing conditions should be prioritized as part of environmental health-based tuberculosis prevention and control strategies.
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