Penerapan Teori Patricia Benner Dalam Praktik Keperawatan Ditinjau Dari Perspektif Filosofis: A Narrative Review
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.24252/asjn.v7i1.65136Keywords:
Filosofi Keperawatan, Kompetensi Klinis, Novice to Expert, Patricia Benner, Praktik KeperawatanAbstract
Latar Belakang: Teori From Novice to Expert yang dikemukakan oleh Patricia Benner menjadi fondasi penting dalam memahami perkembangan kompetensi perawat melalui pengalaman klinis. Namun, kajian yang menelaah teori ini dari perspektif filosofis masih terbatas. Tujuan: Penelitian ini bertujuan menganalisis penerapan teori Patricia Benner dalam praktik keperawatan ditinjau dari perspektif filosofis. Metode: Penelitian menggunakan metode narrative literature review terhadap 9 artikel yang diperoleh dari basis data PubMed, ScienceDirect, dan Google Scholar pada periode 2021-2026 dengan pendekatan PCC (Population, Concept, Context). Kriteria inklusi meliputi artikel berbahasa Indonesia atau Inggris, tersedia dalam full text, berupa penelitian asli atau kajian konseptual yang membahas penerapan teori Patricia Benner dalam praktik keperawatan. Kriteria eksklusi mencakup artikel systematic review atau scoping review, publikasi di luar rentang tahun penelitian, serta artikel yang tidak relevan dengan fokus kajian. Hasil: Hasil kajian menunjukkan bahwa teori Benner mengintegrasikan tiga dimensi filosofis utama, yaitu ontologi yang memandang keperawatan sebagai way of being melalui caring, epistemologi yang memvalidasi pengetahuan praktis dan intuisi klinis, serta aksiologi yang menempatkan ethics of care sebagai nilai utama praktik keperawatan. Secara praktis, teori ini mendukung transformasi identitas profesional perawat serta memperkuat sistem manajerial melalui kredensial dan penilaian kinerja berbasis caring. Kesimpulan: Teori From Novice to Expert memberikan kerangka penting dalam pengembangan kompetensi perawat melalui pengalaman klinis serta mendukung peningkatan kualitas asuhan dan keselamatan pasien.
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