Optimalisasi Program Kesejahteraan Sosial Dalam Peningkatan Kualitas Hidup Kelompok Rentan

Abstract

Vulnerable groups—including the poor, the elderly, people with disabilities, children, and other marginalized groups—still face limited access to basic needs, resulting in a quality of life that lags behind that of the general population. The Indonesian government has implemented various social welfare programs, such as the Family Hope Program (PKH), National Health Insurance (JKN), and Non-Cash Food Assistance (BPNT), as instruments of social protection and empowerment. This article aims to examine the extent to which these social welfare programs can be optimized to improve the quality of life for vulnerable groups, as well as to identify the factors and strategies that support such optimization. The study employs a descriptive qualitative method using a literature review approach, which involves analyzing and synthesizing findings from relevant scientific journals, regulations, and policy reports. The results of the study indicate that the effectiveness of social welfare programs is influenced by the clarity of regulations, budget availability, the capacity of implementing human resources, community participation, and the use of information technology in the distribution of aid. Existing programs have had a positive impact but still face challenges such as overlapping target groups, budget constraints, and the equitable distribution of services in remote areas. Optimization can be achieved through the integration of beneficiary data and the strengthening of collaboration.