REKONSTRUKSI KONSEP NUSYUZ DALAM KOMPILASI HUKUM ISLAM BERBASIS KEADILAN RELASIONAL UNTUK PENGUATAN KETAHANAN KELUARGA
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.24252/iqtishaduna.v7i4.70899Abstract
Abstrak
Konsep nusyuz dalam Kompilasi Hukum Islam (KHI) masih dipengaruhi paradigma fikih klasik yang menempatkan istri sebagai subjek utama nusyuz, sementara pengaturan mengenai nusyuz suami belum diatur secara eksplisit. Kondisi ini menimbulkan ketidakseimbangan perlindungan hukum terhadap hak dan kewajiban suami istri serta belum sepenuhnya mendukung penguatan ketahanan keluarga. Penelitian ini bertujuan menganalisis konstruksi konsep nusyuz dalam KHI serta merumuskan model rekonstruksinya berbasis keadilan relasional untuk memperkuat ketahanan keluarga. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian hukum normatif dengan pendekatan perundang-undangan, konseptual, perbandingan, dan maqāṣid al-syarī'ah. Bahan hukum dianalisis secara kualitatif menggunakan metode deskriptif-analitis dan preskriptif. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa pengaturan nusyuz dalam KHI masih bersifat parsial karena hanya berfokus pada nusyuz istri. Oleh karena itu, konsep nusyuz perlu direkonstruksi sebagai pelanggaran terhadap hak dan kewajiban timbal balik yang dapat dilakukan oleh suami maupun istri berdasarkan prinsip keadilan relasional, kesalingan (mubādalah), dan maqāṣid al-syarī'ah. Rekonstruksi tersebut diharapkan mampu menciptakan keseimbangan hak dan kewajiban suami istri, memperkuat penyelesaian konflik keluarga, serta mendukung terwujudnya ketahanan keluarga dalam sistem hukum keluarga Islam di Indonesia.
Kata Kunci: Nusyuz, Kompilasi Hukum Islam, Keadilan Relasional, Ketahanan Keluarga, Maqāṣid al-Syarī'ah.
Abstract
The concept of nushūz in the Indonesian Compilation of Islamic Law (Kompilasi Hukum Islam KHI) remains largely influenced by classical Islamic jurisprudence, which primarily positions the wife as the subject of nushūz, while the husband's nushūz is not explicitly regulated. This legal construction creates an imbalance in the protection of spouses' reciprocal rights and obligations and has yet to adequately support family resilience. This study aims to analyze the legal construction of nushūz in the KHI and formulate a reconstruction model based on relational justice to strengthen family resilience. This normative legal research employs statutory, conceptual, comparative, and maqāṣid al-sharī'ah approaches. The legal materials are analyzed qualitatively using descriptive-analytical and prescriptive methods. The findings indicate that the current regulation of nushūz is partial because it focuses only on the wife's nushūz. Therefore, the concept should be reconstructed as a violation of reciprocal marital rights and obligations committed by either spouse, based on the principles of relational justice, reciprocity (mubādalah), and maqāṣid al-sharī'ah. This reconstruction is expected to create a more balanced legal framework, improve family conflict resolution, and strengthen family resilience within Indonesia's Islamic family law system.
Keywords: Nushūz, Compilation of Islamic Law, Relational Justice, Family Resilience, Maqāṣid al-Sharī'ah.
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