ANALISIS YURIDIS PEMBUATAN PERJANJIAN KERJA BERSAMA ANTARA SERIKAT PEKERJA DAN PENGUSAHA DENGAN KEANGGOTAAN SERIKAT PEKERJA YANGTIDAK REPRESENTATIF BERDASARKAN UNDANG - UNDANG NOMOR 13 TAHUN 2003
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.24252/iqtishaduna.v7i4.71059Abstract
Abstrak
Perjanjian Kerja Bersama (PKB) merupakan instrumen hukum dalam hubungan industrial yang mengatur syarat kerja, hak, dan kewajiban pekerja serta pengusaha. Pembentukan PKB mensyaratkan serikat pekerja memiliki keanggotaan lebih dari 50% dari jumlah pekerja sebagaimana diatur dalam Pasal 119 Undang-Undang Nomor 13 Tahun 2003 tentang Ketenagakerjaan. Persyaratan tersebut menimbulkan persoalan hukum karena membatasi hak berunding serikat pekerja yang telah sah berdiri tetapi belum memenuhi syarat representatif. Penelitian ini bertujuan menganalisis pengaturan hukum mengenai representatif serikat pekerja dalam perundingan PKB serta implikasi hukumnya terhadap perlindungan hak-hak pekerja. Penelitian menggunakan metode yuridis normatif dengan pendekatan perundang-undangan, konseptual, dan analitis melalui studi kepustakaan terhadap bahan hukum primer, sekunder, dan tersier. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa pengaturan representatif masih berorientasi pada legitimasi mayoritas sehingga membatasi pelaksanaan hak berunding kolektif bagi serikat pekerja minoritas. Pengaturan tersebut belum sepenuhnya mencerminkan prinsip kebebasan berserikat dan perlindungan hukum yang adil. Mekanisme perundingan Perjanjian Kerja Bersama perlu memberikan ruang partisipasi yang lebih proporsional bagi serikat pekerja yang belum memenuhi syarat representatif tanpa mengurangi legitimasi hasil perundingan. Pengaturan tersebut diharapkan mampu memperkuat perlindungan terhadap hak berunding kolektif, menjaga keseimbangan posisi tawar para pihak, serta mewujudkan hubungan industrial yang berkeadilan dan berkepastian hukum.
Kata Kunci: hubungan industrial; perjanjian kerja bersama; representatif; serikat pekerja.
Abstract
Collective Labour Agreements (CLAs) constitute an important legal instrument in industrial relations by regulating working conditions and the rights and obligations of workers and employers. Article 119 of Law Number 13 of 2003 concerning Manpower requires a labour union to represent more than fifty percent of the workforce before it may negotiate a CLA. This requirement creates legal issues because legally established labour unions may lose their bargaining rights solely due to insufficient membership. This study examines the legal regulation governing labour union representativeness in collective bargaining and analyses its implications for the protection of workers' rights. The research employs a normative juridical method using statutory, conceptual, and analytical approaches through library research. The findings indicate that the current legal framework prioritizes majority legitimacy and consequently restricts collective bargaining rights for minority labour unions. The existing regulation has not fully reflected the principles of freedom of association and equal legal protection. The Collective Bargaining Agreement negotiation mechanism needs to provide more proportional participation for unions that do not yet meet representative requirements without compromising the legitimacy of the negotiation results. Such arrangements are expected to strengthen protection of collective bargaining rights, maintain a balanced bargaining position for the parties, and achieve industrial relations based on justice and legal certainty.
Keywords: collective labour agreement; industrial relations; labour union; representative.
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