Analysis of Indonesia’s Democratic Backsliding After 2024 Using an Institutional Democracy and Elite Power Approach
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.24252/al-risalah.vi.67799Keywords:
Democratic Backsliding, Institutional Democracy, Elite Power, Political Oligarchy, Post-2024 General ElectionAbstract
This study examines democratic backsliding in Indonesia after the 2024 general election using a qualitative case study approach. The findings show that democratic decline has occurred gradually through legal and institutional mechanisms rather than through abrupt authoritarian change. Although elections and constitutional procedures remain formally intact, substantive democratic quality has weakened due to declining civil liberties, expanding executive dominance, weakening parliamentary oversight, and increasing elite consolidation. Political and economic elites strengthened their influence through coalition expansion and policy coordination, reducing accountability and democratic competition. Indonesia’s post-2024 trajectory therefore reflects characteristics of a hybrid democracy in which procedural democratic institutions continue to function while substantive accountability declines. Overall, this study concludes that Indonesia is experiencing gradual democratic erosion characterized by institutional weakening, executive expansion, and oligarchic consolidation.
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