The Legality of Ceiling Engineering in the Restructuring of Non-Performing Loans
An Analysis of the Principles of Good Faith and Unlawful Acts in Supreme Court Decision No. 143 PK/Pid.Sus/2013
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.24252/al-risalah.v26i2.70139Keywords:
Unlawful Act, Loan Restructuring, Plafondering;, Good Faith PrincipleAbstract
This study aims to analyze the legality of unlawful acts in the practice of non-performing loan restructuring through the plafondering method and to examine the application of the principle of good faith based on Supreme Court Decision Number 143 PK/PID. SUS/2013. This research is motivated by the increasing complexity of loan restructuring practices, where plafondering may function either as a legitimate credit rescue mechanism or as a means of concealing non-performing loans. Previous studies have primarily focused on the effectiveness of loan restructuring, debtor protection, or corruption issues, while limited attention has been given to the legal boundaries of plafondering from the perspectives of good faith, unlawful acts, and prudential banking principles. Accordingly, this study offers a novel perspective by integrating those three legal frameworks through an analysis of judicial reasoning in Supreme Court Decision Number 143 PK/PID. SUS/2013. This research employs normative legal research using statutory, conceptual, and case approaches. Legal materials consist of primary, secondary, and tertiary legal sources, which are analyzed qualitatively through statutory interpretation and ratio decidendi analysis. The findings indicate that the plafondering method cannot be categorized as an unlawful act when implemented in accordance with prudential banking principles, applicable banking regulations, and objective assessments of the debtor's business feasibility. Conversely, when used to conceal non-performing loans, conducted without adequate credit analysis, or accompanied by abuse of authority, such practices violate the principle of good faith under Article 1338 paragraph (3) of the Indonesian Civil Code and fulfill the elements of an unlawful act. This study contributes to the development of Indonesian banking law by providing legal parameters for distinguishing legitimate business judgment from unlawful restructuring practices and offers practical guidance for banks, regulators, and law enforcement agencies in evaluating the legality of credit restructuring policies.
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