Reconstructing the Legal Parameters Of “Very Urgent Reasons” Under Article 7(2) of Law No. 16 of 2019
A Structured Judicial Assessment Framework Based on the SDGs
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.24252/al-risalah.vi.72207Keywords:
Law No. 16 of 2019, Minimum Age for Marriage, Marriage Dispensation, Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs)Abstract
Law No. 16 of 2019 raised Indonesia’s minimum marriage age to 19, yet Article 7(2) still permits dispensation on “very urgent reasons” supported by sufficient evidence, which its Elucidation defines circularly as a situation with no other option. This article maps the sources of normative uncertainty in Article 7(2) and reconstructs parameters for assessing very urgent reasons using the official indicators of Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) 1, 3, and 4 and Target 5.3 as reference measures. It is normative legal research with statutory, conceptual, and comparative (Jordan) approaches, using grammatical, systematic, and teleological interpretation. The uncertainty stems from a circular definition, the absence of substantive indicators of urgency, and the absence of a minimum age for dispensation. The proposed framework has four dimensions (economic vulnerability, maternal and child health, education, and free consent), a minimum age of 16, a mandatory professional recommendation for applicants under 18, and an explicit pathway for pregnancy outside marriage. The SDGs do not bind judges; the framework can bind only after institutionalisation through amendment of the PERMA and the law.
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