Karakterisasi Eco-enzyme Berbasis Sampah Organik Berdasarkan Masa Inkubasi
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.24252/jb.v14i1.57296Keywords:
Eco-enzyme, fermentation of organic waste, phytochemicals, FTIRAbstract
Eco-enzyme is a fermentation product derived from organic waste and has potential applications in environmental management because of the presence of compounds formed during the transformation of organic materials throughout the fermentation process. This study aimed to evaluate the effect of incubation time on the physicochemical characteristics and chemical profile of eco-enzyme produced from organic waste. The eco-enzyme was formulated from a mixture of fruit and vegetable waste, predominantly consisting of orange peels, pineapple, papaya, tomato, cabbage, and mustard greens, combined with palm sugar and water at a ratio of 3:1:10. The mixture was fermented for 3, 4, and 5 months. Characterization was conducted based on physical parameters (color, odor, and pH); chemical parameters, including total dissolved solids (TDS), total suspended solids (TSS), biological oxygen demand (BOD), and chemical oxygen demand (COD); semi-quantitative phytochemical screening; and Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR) analysis to evaluate changes in chemical functional groups during fermentation. The results demonstrated a tendency for eco-enzyme characteristics to change with prolonged incubation, as indicated by darker coloration, relatively stable pH values ranging from 4.00 to 4.01, increased TDS, and decreased BOD and COD values. Flavonoids and tannins were consistently detected throughout the fermentation periods, whereas phenolic compounds showed variation across incubation durations. FTIR spectra revealed variations in the absorption patterns of hydroxyl (–OH), carbonyl (C=O), and aliphatic functional groups, indicating changes in chemical characteristics during the fermentation process. These findings provide preliminary information on the dynamic changes in organic waste-based eco-enzyme across different incubation periods and may serve as a foundation for further studies on bioactivity, compound stability, and potential environmental applications.
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