Harmonization of Custom and Sharia
"Uang Japuik" in the Minangkabau Marriage System in West Sumatra
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.24252/mazahibuna.vi.69865Keywords:
Uang Japuik, Minangkabau, Islamic Law, 'Urf, Maqashid al-Shari'ahAbstract
In Islamic law, mahr is a mandatory obligation of the groom, whereas the Minangkabau tradition of uang japuik in Padang Pariaman involves the transfer of money from the bride’s family to the groom’s family. This distinction has often led to the assumption that uang japuik contradicts Islamic teachings. This study argues that the two practices belong to distinct normative categories: mahr is a religious obligation, while uang japuik is a customary gift. Accordingly, they can coexist as complementary practices. This study examines community perceptions of uang japuik, its relationship with Islamic law, and its adaptation to contemporary social conditions. It analyzes the practice through the jurisprudential concepts of ‘urf ṣaḥīḥ (valid custom) and ‘urf fāsid (invalid custom), as well as maqāṣid al-sharī‘ah (the higher objectives of Islamic law). Employing an ethnographic approach, data were collected through observation, in-depth interviews, focus group discussions, and documentation involving traditional leaders, religious figures, and community members. The findings show that uang japuik functions not merely as an economic transaction but also as a symbol of respect, social recognition, and trust between families. From an Islamic legal perspective, it qualifies as ‘urf ṣaḥīḥ because it does not contradict the Qur’an and Sunnah, serves the public interest, and reflects an established social practice, provided that it remains voluntary and does not replace the groom’s obligation to provide mahr. Within the framework of maqāṣid al-sharī‘ah, the practice supports family formation, human dignity, and social cohesion. Despite modernization, it retains its cultural significance while allowing greater flexibility in implementation.
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